ArticleEndocrine pathology2024
SATB2 is an Emergent Biomarker of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Series with Comprehensive Biomarker and Molecular Studies.
Article in Endocrine pathology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Evolving Pathology of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: Integrating Morphology, Immunohistochemistry, and Molecular Insights.Cancer science · 2026Review
- MLH1 promoter methylation, mismatch repair and intestinal differentiation markers in papillary thyroid carcinoma: real-world evidence from Galicia (Northwest Spain).Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Astragaloside IV inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting SATB2/Wnt/PD-L1 pathway and enhancing the killing activity of T cells.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2026Article
- Proceedings of the 2026 North American Society of Head and Neck Pathology Companion Meeting, San Antonio, TX, March 22, 2026: It's a Trap! Pitfalls in Thyroid Pathology: Mets or Not Mets?Head and neck pathology · 2026Review
- Precision Thyroid Oncology: A Review of Multi-Omics Biomarkers and Spatiotemporal Technologies.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Evaluation of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma in Core Biopsy Specimens: Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, Molecular, and Therapeutic Considerations.Endocrine pathology · 2025Review
- A Rare Concurrence of Anaplastic and Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas: A Case Report and Literature Review.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare and aggressive thyroid malignancy typically comprised of undifferentiated tumor cells with various histologic morphologies, which makes the diagnosis challenging. These tumors commonly show loss of thyroglobulin and TTF1 with preservation of cytokeratin (67%) and Paired Box Gene 8 (PAX8) (55%) expression. Identification of a sensitive immunohistochemical stain to aid in the diagnosis of ATC would be beneficial. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) against special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) protein is a sensitive and specific marker expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma and bone or soft tissue tumors with osteoblastic differentiation. However, SATB2 is also expressed in other sarcomatous/undifferentiated neoplasms lacking osteoblastic differentiation. Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) we showed that there is variable expression of SATB2 mRNA expression in ATCs. To evaluate the role of SATB2 protein expression in ATC, we performed PAX8, SATB2, pancytokeratin (AE1/AE3 & CAM5.2), claudin-4 and TTF1 immunostaining on 23 cases. ATCs showed retained expression of PAX8 in 65% (15/23); SATB2 was detected in 74% (17/23); pancytokeratin was expressed in 65% (15/23); claudin-4 was expressed in 35% (8/23) and TTF1 showed expression in 13% (3/23) of cases. Furthermore, 83% (5/6) of ATCs which lacked SATB2 expression, retained PAX8 expression, while 88% (7/8) of the tumors without PAX8 expression were positive for SATB2. Differentiated follicular cell-derived thyroid cancers (n = 30), differentiated high grade thyroid carcinoma (n = 3), and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (n = 8) were negative for SATB2 immunoreactivity. Next-generation selected cases detected the commonly identified oncogenic variants including those in BRAF, RAS, TP53, and TERT promoter. Overall, we hereby demonstrate that SATB2 IHC may be used to support the diagnosis of ATC.
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