Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39508251›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Longitudinal policy surveillance of state obesity legislation in California, 1999-2020.

Denise D Payán, Alec M Chan-Golston, Kesia K Garibay, Corbin Farias

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Denise D PayánDepartment of Health, Society and Behavior, Joe C. Wen School of Population & Public Health, University of California, Irvine, 856 Health Sciences Quad, Irvine, CA, 92697-3957, USA. dpayan@hs.uci.edu.
Alec M Chan-GolstonDepartment of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA.
Kesia K GaribayDepartment of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA.
Corbin FariasDepartment of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts, University of California, Merced, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA. cfarias4@ucmerced.edu.

Funding

AHRQ HHS T32 HS000046
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundObesity rates among children and adults continue to accelerate in the U.S., particularly among marginalized and low-income populations. Obesity prevention and reduction policies can significantly impact population health by improving environmental conditions and increasing access to health-promoting resources. Limited research has been conducted to examine state obesity policy change over time. The primary aim of this study is to examine legislative approaches used to prevent and reduce obesity in the state of California (U.S.).

methodsWe used quantitative policy surveillance methods to develop a state database of obesity-related legislation (bills, resolutions) introduced in California's legislature between 1999 and 2020. Descriptive statistics were used to examine trends of introduced and enacted policy by legislative and policy characteristics. Chi-square tests were used to determine differences in characteristics between enacted and non-enacted legislation. Legislative session and policy characteristics found to be associated with enactment were used to predict adoption in a logistic regression.

resultsA total of 284 obesity-related bills and resolutions were introduced in California's legislature between 1999 and 2020 with a peak of 43 in 2005-2006. On average, 25.8 bills and resolutions were introduced each 2-year legislative cycle. Findings indicate that (a) children and schools were the most frequently specified population and setting; (b) the most common policy topics were nutrition (45%) and physical activity (33%); and (c) only 15% of legislation mentioned race/ethnicity. Overall, 24.9% of bills were enacted compared to 82.1% of resolutions adopted. Legislation to raise awareness about obesity had 5.4 times the odds of being passed compared to other topics. Yet this difference was not statistically significant in a sensitivity analysis when we excluded resolutions.

conclusionsThis database can be leveraged to advance our knowledge of effective and equitable policy instruments to prevent and reduce obesity. Results reveal important policy elements that may impact legislative success, including policy topic, and contribute to a nascent evidence base for public health law research, legal epidemiology, and practice. Future work should investigate the role of policy effectiveness research and evidence on legislative policymaking.

Indexed as

Health PolicyObesityCaliforniaHumansLongitudinal StudiesState GovernmentLawNutritionObesityPhysical activityPolicySurveillance

Identifiers

PMID39508251
PMCPMC11539810

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.