ReviewTrends in cognitive sciences2025
Embracing variability in the search for biological mechanisms of psychiatric illness.
Review in Trends in cognitive sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Identification of a diagnosis-selective neurobiological substrate for bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of 57,717 subjects.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Big data and psychiatry: advances, constraints and future directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- The cross-site reproducibility of MRI morphometric phenotypes in psychiatric disorders.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Multiscale Heterogeneity of White Matter Morphometry in Psychiatric Disorders.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2026Article
- Estimating Accelerated Retinal Decline in Mental Health Disorders Through Normative Modeling.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2026Article
- Complex affect dynamics offer limited incremental value for cross-sectional prediction of psychological and behavioural variables in cross-validated models.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Decomposing neuroanatomical heterogeneity in depression: insights from an ENIGMA major depressive disorder working group study in 5146 individuals.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Molecular and cellular correlates of human cortical lateralization.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Symptom-specific links between internalizing problems and functional connectivity in adolescents: a network analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Alterations in resting-state functional connectivity relate to psychopathology trajectories during emerging adolescence.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Bridging molecules and connectome: network biomarkers guided by neurotransmitter architecture in major depressive disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Mapping ADHD Heterogeneity and Biotypes by Topological Deviations in Morphometric Similarity Networks.JAMA psychiatry · 2026Article
- Can Psychiatric Genetics Advance Without Incorporating a Life Course Perspective?Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Normative Modeling of Static and Dynamic Functional Connectivity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Network-based analysis of differential white matter connectivity in major depressive disorder with and without comorbid anxiety.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Normative modeling of MEG brain oscillations across the human lifespan.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Brain functional network connectivity interpolation characterizes the neuropsychiatric continuum and heterogeneity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Predicting functional topography of the human visual cortex from cortical anatomy at scale.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Inter-individual variability of neurotransmitter receptor and transporter density in the human brain.Brain structure & function · 2026Article
- Multiscale heterogeneity of atypical functional connectivity in autism.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Despite decades of research, we lack objective diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers of mental health problems. A key reason for this limited progress is a reliance on the traditional case-control paradigm, which assumes that each disorder has a single cause that can be uncovered by comparing average phenotypic values of patient and control samples. Here, we discuss the problematic assumptions on which this paradigm is based and highlight recent efforts that seek to characterize, rather than minimize, the inherent clinical and biological variability that underpins psychiatric populations. Embracing such variability is necessary to understand pathophysiological mechanisms and develop more targeted and effective treatments.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.