Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39521749›Full record

ArticleEndocrine2025

Adiponectin may play a crucial role in the metabolic effects of GLP-1RAs treatment in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a preliminary longitudinal study.

Antonella Al Refaie, Leonardo Baldassini, Caterina Mondillo, Elena Ceccarelli, Roberto Tarquini, Luigi Gennari, Stefano Gonnelli, Carla Caffarelli

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Endocrine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Differential Therapeutic Modulations of Adiponectin: Beneficial, Adverse, and Context-Dependent Effects in Chronic Coronary Syndromes.Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Antonella Al RefaieSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Leonardo BaldassiniSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Caterina MondilloSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Elena CeccarelliSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Roberto TarquiniDivision of Internal Medicine I, San Giuseppe Hospital, 50053, Empoli, Italy.
Luigi GennariSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Stefano GonnelliSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Carla CaffarelliSection of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. carla.caffarelli@unisi.it.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stands as the most prevalent metabolic disorder globally. T2DM entails numerous cardiovascular complications, which contribute significantly to morbidity, mortality, and increased public spending worldwide. The real challenge for new diabetes drugs lies not only in reducing blood glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin but also in preventing cardiovascular risk. Emerging receptor agonists for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated a pivotal role in diabetes management and mitigating cardiovascular risk.

methodsWe conducted a 12-month longitudinal investigation evaluating the cardio-metabolic effects of GLP-1RAs on a cohort of 65 Caucasian patients diagnosed with T2DM who were scheduled for treatment with GLP-1RAs. Fifty-four T2DM patients successfully completed the 12-month study period, with 30 receiving dulaglutide and 24 receiving semaglutide.

resultsIn our study population, GLP-1RAs resulted in several positive changes beyond the observed weight loss: a shift in fat distribution, indicated by a reduction in the percentage of visceral fat (1.21 vs. 1.17, p < 0.05); a significant decrease in LDL cholesterol levels (p < 0.05) and triglycerides (p < 0.01); and a significant increase in serum adiponectin levels (p < 0.05), potentially indicating a reduction in insulin resistance and inflammation. Additionally, we observed a significant decrease in microalbuminuria and media-intimal thickness at the carotid vessel level (p < 0.05).

conclusionsIn patients with T2DM 1-year therapy with GLP-1RAs has a positive effect on the main determinants of cardiovascular risk including body weight, visceral fat, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, the increase in adiponectin may play a pivotal role in controlling the inflammatory state and the mechanisms of vascular damage.

Indexed as

AdiponectinDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsImmunoglobulin Fc FragmentsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsAgedFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide 1HumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedSemaglutideAdiponectindulaglutideGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsImmunoglobulin Fc FragmentsRecombinant Fusion ProteinsSemaglutideAdiponectinAtherosclerosisBody CompositionGLP1-RAs (Dulaglutide, Semaglutide)LipidsType 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

Identifiers

PMID39521749

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.