ArticleBMC medicine2024
In utero, childhood, and adolescence tobacco smoke exposure, physical activity, and chronic kidney disease incidence in adulthood: evidence from a large prospective cohort study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Targeting Modifiable Risks: Molecular Mechanisms and Population Burden of Lifestyle Factors on Male Genitourinary Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- The relationship between secondhand smoke exposure in Chinese children and adolescents and renal function and hyperuricemia: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Early-life exposure to tobacco smoke increase risk of frailty in adulthood: evidence from a large prospective cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease and its associated anemia, 1990 to 2021 and predictions to 2050: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Epidemiological trends and risk factors of CKD-T1DM in children and adolescents across 204 countries and territories (1990-2021).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe adverse effects of early-life tobacco smoke exposure on chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the associations of early-life tobacco smoke exposure with CKD incidence in adulthood, and further explore the modification effects of physical activity (PA).
methodsA total of 352,883 participants were included from the UK Biobank. The information on early-life tobacco smoke exposure was assessed by employing in utero tobacco smoke exposure and age of smoking initiation. Weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was calculated for each individual. Cox proportional hazard regression was fitted to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of CKD risk, and to investigate the modification effects of MVPA.
resultsCKD incidence significantly increased in participants with in utero tobacco smoke exposure (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.12). Compared with never-smokers, we found a monotonic increase in the risk of CKD with smoking initiation across adulthood (HR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.27), adolescence (HR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.35), and childhood (HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.43) (P trend < 0.001). Additionally, we identified joint cumulative effects of MVPA and early-life tobacco smoke exposure on incident CKD. Compared with never-smokers with recommended MVPA, prenatal or childhood tobacco smokers without recommended MVPA had the highest CKD risk, and the HRs (95% CIs) were 1.17 (1.10, 1.24) and 1.51 (1.36, 1.68), respectively.
conclusionsEarly-life tobacco smoke exposure may contribute to CKD incidence in adulthood, and the observed associations could be modified by MVPA. These findings provide important information on CKD prevention in the participant's early life while urging a more rapid and powerful need for tobacco control among pregnant couples, children, and adolescents.
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