ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2024
Neurovascular unit, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration markers in brain disorders.
Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The role and mechanisms of AMPK in neurovascular unit injury in Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Subclinical neurovascular and immune correlates of post-COVID-19 syndrome detected by retinal imaging.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Prolonged systemic inflammation worsens impairments to astrocyte CaAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Animal models in venom and antivenom research: The need to align academic discovery with manufacturing and regulatory expectations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Functional Pathological Features and Molecular Markers in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Natural Molecules for Brain Health and Resilience.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune Regulation of Microvascular Inflammation: The Heart-Brain Axis, Mast Cells, and the Protective Role of Flavonoids-A Comprehensive Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit as a temporal driver in Alzheimer's pathogenesis.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Neurovascular Uncoupling in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Alzheimer's Disease as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Dysregulation.Neurology international · 2026Review
- Brain cell-released Cyclophilin A induces neuroinflammation and exacerbates blood-brain barrier injury in acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Central neural circuits and their associated mechanisms of inter-organ crosstalk.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Inflammaging and neurovascular unit dysfunction in cognitive ageing: mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Biomarkers associated with blood-brain interface regulation and relationships to exercise and epilepsy: a brief review.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Review
- Neurosenescence, inflammaging and neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative disorders.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Mapping neurodegeneration with diffusion MRI: biomarkers, mechanisms, and clinical translation.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Serum NfL and GFAP in post-COVID syndrome: minimal evidence of CNS injury after adjusting for confounders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- A surrogate barrier model for high-throughput blood-brain barrier permeability prediction: integrating LLC-PK1-MOCK/MDR1 Cells and lysosomal trapping correction.Drug delivery · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neurovascular unit (NVU) inflammation via activation of glial cells and neuronal damage plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Though the exact mechanism of disease pathogenesis is not understood, certain biomarkers provide valuable insight into the disease pathogenesis, severity, progression and therapeutic efficacy. These markers can be used to assess pathophysiological status of brain cells including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, specialized microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, NVU, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Damage or derangements in tight junction (TJ), adherens junction (AdJ), and gap junction (GJ) components of the BBB lead to increased permeability and neuroinflammation in various brain disorders including neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, neuroinflammatory markers can be evaluated in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or brain tissues to determine neurological disease severity, progression, and therapeutic responsiveness. Chronic inflammation is common in age-related neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and dementia. Neurotrauma/traumatic brain injury (TBI) also leads to acute and chronic neuroinflammatory responses. The expression of some markers may also be altered many years or even decades before the onset of neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we discuss markers of neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration associated with acute and chronic brain disorders, especially those associated with neurovascular pathologies. These biomarkers can be evaluated in CSF, or brain tissues. Neurofilament light (NfL), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119), aquaporin, endothelin-1, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) are some important neuroinflammatory markers. Recent BBB-on-a-chip modeling offers promising potential for providing an in-depth understanding of brain disorders and neurotherapeutics. Integration of these markers in clinical practice could potentially enhance early diagnosis, monitor disease progression, and improve therapeutic outcomes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.