SynthesisScientific reports2024
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components according to altitude levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Behavioral, neuroanatomic, and neuroinflammatory characteristics of metabolic syndrome in cafeteria diet-induced obese male rats.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Resting and Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Across an Altitudinal Gradient: An Adjusted Analysis.Oxygen (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women Exposed to High Altitude.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Development and validation of a healthy lifestyle and behavioral score for predicting metabolic syndrome: evidence from a 24-year longitudinal health check-up cohort in Taiwan.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Article
- Anthropometric percentiles for Peruvian adults: population reference curves for body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026Article
- Propolis Supplementation and Metabolic Syndrome Components in Adults at Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Prevalence, component patterns, and lifestyle correlates of metabolic syndrome among civil servants undergoing routine health examinations in Guangzhou, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Branched-chain amino acids from plants and the metabolic syndrome: pathways and pharmacological applications.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- A serial 4-year cross-sectional study of dyslipidemia on Pamirs Plateau, the roof of the world.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome in Polish Women-The Role of Body Composition and Sociodemographic Factors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Link Between Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Eye Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Pharmacogenetic Predictors of Metformin Response in Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence from a Cohort Study in Kazakhstan.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has a multifactorial origin; however, epidemiological data correspond to populations located at sea level. It has been reported that the altitude can affected the prevalence due to physiological changes. The aim of this study is to show the global prevalence of metabolic syndrome at altitude and its components. We use four databases, all studies published up to November 2023. The prevalences from studies were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. To assess sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analyses were performed. We included 28 studies. The number of participants was 29 195. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 30.3% (95% CI 22.8-38.4%). According to the altitude level, at 1500-2500 was 36.5%, 2500-3500 (21.8%), and > 3500 (30.9%), also it was higher in women (35.5%) that men (26.8%). It was observed that there is an inverse relationship between higher altitude and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Among its components, abdominal obesity and low HDL were present in more than 40.0%, while high blood pressure, high triglycerides and impaired glucose were present in less than 30.0%. We recommend that our results be considered for future research in populations living at altitude since they have different characteristics from populations at sea level.
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Registered trials
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