Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39531039›Full record

Observational studyDiabetologia2025

The metabolic and circadian signatures of gestational diabetes in the postpartum period characterised using multiple wearable devices.

Nicholas E Phillips, Julie Mareschal, Andrew D Biancolin, Flore Sinturel, Sylvie Umwali, Stéphanie Blanc, Alexandra Hemmer, Felix Naef, Marcel Salathé, Charna Dibner and 2 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Diabetologia, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04642534 (Molecular and Functional Interplay Between the Circadian Clocks and Eating Patterns in Patients With Cardio-metabolic Diseases), which is not on this map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04642534 completednot on this map

Molecular and Functional Interplay Between the Circadian Clocks and Eating Patterns in Patients With Cardio-metabolic Diseases (Cohort)

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of Lausanne HospitalsRan2020 to 2022Enrolled38ConditionsPostpartum Women, Diabetes, Gestational
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Nicholas E PhillipsService of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7629-9721
Julie MareschalService of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-7107
Andrew D BiancolinThe Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-4881
Flore SinturelThe Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3210-0113
Sylvie UmwaliGestational Diabetes Clinic, Service of Obstetrics, Department of Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Stéphanie BlancService of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-4996-2552
Alexandra HemmerService of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-1625-0456
Felix NaefInstitute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9786-3037
Marcel SalathéDigital Epidemiology Lab, School of Life Sciences, School of Computer and Communication Sciences, EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne), Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-7797
Charna DibnerThe Thoracic and Endocrine Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. charna.dibner@unige.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-803X
Jardena J PuderGestational Diabetes Clinic, Service of Obstetrics, Department of Women-Mother-Child, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. jardena.puder@chuv.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-7614
Tinh-Hai ColletService of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. tinh-hai.collet@hug.ch.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3243-1222

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aims/hypothesisGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 14% of all pregnancies worldwide and is associated with cardiometabolic risk. We aimed to exploit high-resolution wearable device time-series data to create a fine-grained physiological characterisation of the postpartum GDM state in free-living conditions, including clinical variables, daily glucose dynamics, food and drink consumption, physical activity, sleep patterns and heart rate.

methodsIn a prospective observational study, we employed continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), a smartphone food diary, triaxial accelerometers and heart rate and heart rate variability monitors over a 2 week period to compare women who had GDM in the previous pregnancy (GDM group) and women who had a pregnancy with normal glucose metabolism (non-GDM group) at 1-2 months after delivery (baseline) and 6 months later (follow-up). We integrated CGM data with ingestion events recorded with the smartphone app MyFoodRepo to quantify the rapidity of returning to preprandial glucose levels after meal consumption. We inferred the properties of the underlying 24 h rhythm in the baseline glucose. Aggregating the baseline and follow-up data in a linear mixed model, we quantified the relationships between glycaemic variables and wearable device-derived markers of circadian timing.

resultsCompared with the non-GDM group (n=15), the GDM group (n=22, including five with prediabetes defined based on fasting plasma glucose [5.6-6.9 mmol/l (100-125 mg/dl)] and/or HbA CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationWe reveal GDM-related postpartum differences in glucose variability and 24 h rhythms, even among women clinically considered to be normoglycaemic. Our results provide a rationale for future interventions aimed at improving glucose variability and encouraging earlier daily behavioural patterns to mitigate the long-term cardiometabolic risk of GDM.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT04642534.

Indexed as

Circadian RhythmDiabetes, GestationalPostpartum PeriodWearable Electronic DevicesAdultBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringExerciseFemaleHeart RateHumansPregnancyProspective StudiesBlood GlucoseCircadian rhythmsContinuous glucose monitoringGestational diabetes mellitusMean amplitude of glycaemic excursionPostpartum periodSmartphone food diary appWearable devices

Identifiers

PMID39531039
PMCPMC11732869

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.