Evidence mapPaperPMID 39531161Full record

ArticleDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2025

Post Hoc Analysis of SURPASS-1 to -5: Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes are Independent of Baseline Characteristics.

Christophe De Block, Jennifer Peleshok, John P H Wilding, Anita Y M Kwan, Neda Rasouli, Juan M Maldonado, Carol Wysham, Minzhi Liu, Grazia Aleppo, Brian D Benneyworth

5 registry-linked trialsAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It reports registered trial NCT03730662. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03730662 phase3completed

Efficacy and Safety of LY3298176 Once Weekly Versus Insulin Glargine in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Increased Cardiovascular Risk (SURPASS-4)

Ran2018Enrolled2,002Registered outcomes8Posted comparisons12ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsInsulin glargine, Tirzepatide
Open the trial in the graph
NCT03882970 phase3completed

A Randomized, Phase 3, Open-Label Trial Comparing the Effect of LY3298176 Versus Titrated Insulin Degludec on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Ran2019Enrolled1,444Registered outcomes9Posted comparisons24ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsinsulin degludec, Tirzepatide
Open the trial in the graph
NCT03954834 phase3completed

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Three Tirzepatide Doses Versus Placebo in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Inadequately Controlled With Diet and Exercise Alone

Ran2019Enrolled478Registered outcomes9Posted comparisons39ConditionsType 2 Diabetes MellitusArmsPlacebo, Tirzepatide
Open the trial in the graph
NCT03987919 phase3completed

A Phase 3, Randomized, Open-Label Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide Versus Semaglutide Once Weekly as Add-on Therapy to Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Ran2019Enrolled1,879Registered outcomes10Posted comparisons27ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmssemaglutide, Tirzepatide
Open the trial in the graph
NCT04039503 phase3completed

Randomized, Phase 3, Double-blind Trial Comparing the Effect of the Addition of Tirzepatide Versus Placebo in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled on Insulin Glargine With or Without Metformin

Ran2019Enrolled475Registered outcomes11Posted comparisons21ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsPlacebo, Tirzepatide
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Real-World Effectiveness of Tirzepatide versus Semaglutide on HbA1c and Weight in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Tirzepatide for Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Without Obesity: A Post Hoc Analysis of the SURPASS Clinical Trials.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Christophe De BlockUniversity Hospital Antwerp and University of Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0679-3203
Jennifer PeleshokEli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.
John P H WildingUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2839-8404
Anita Y M KwanEli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-5388
Neda RasouliUniversity of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1269-3580
Juan M MaldonadoEli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1370-327X
Carol WyshamMulticare/Rockwood Clinic, Spokane, WA, USA.
Minzhi LiuTigermed-BDM Consulting, Inc, Somerset, NJ, USA.
Grazia AleppoFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Brian D BenneyworthEli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA. Brian.Benneyworth@lilly.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4692-5303

Funding

Eli Lilly and Company N/App
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNewer incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have the potential to substantially reduce glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and weight with a low associated risk of hypoglycemia. This study aimed to assess the percentage of participants randomized to tirzepatide or comparator who achieved the composite endpoint of HbA1c ≤ 6.5% and weight reduction ≥ 10% without hypoglycemia across prespecified baseline characteristics: T2D duration (≤ 5, > 5-10, or > 10 years), sex, HbA1c (≤ 8.5% or > 8.5%), age (< 65 or ≥ 65 years), and body mass index (< 30, 30 to < 35, or ≥ 35 kg/m

methodsThis post hoc analysis of SURPASS-1 through -5 evaluated adult study participants with T2D treated with tirzepatide 5, 10, or 15 mg versus placebo or active comparator. Missing HbA1c and weight values were imputed from mixed models for repeated measures. Logistic regression was used to compare tirzepatide versus comparators for the percentage of participants reaching the composite endpoint.

resultsAcross subgroups, the composite endpoint was achieved by a median of approximately 30%, 45%, and 54% of participants who received tirzepatide 5, 10, and 15 mg, respectively; this was consistent across baseline subgroups, except that a greater percentage of women than men achieved the composite endpoint. The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were gastrointestinal in nature.

conclusionsIn this post hoc analysis, tirzepatide achieved the composite outcome of glycemic control and weight loss with no hypoglycemia, irrespective of baseline characteristics. This may help clinicians as they select suitable treatment in diverse populations.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03954834, NCT03987919, NCT03882970. NCT03730662, and NCT04039503.

Indexed as

Baseline characteristicsBody weightComposite endpointHbA1cHypoglycemiaTirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID39531161
PMCPMC11759727

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.