ArticleMolecular biology of the cell2024
Extracellular vesicles, including large translating vesicles called midbody remnants, are released during the cell cycle.
Article in Molecular biology of the cell, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- When EV Dose Is Not What It Seems: Quantitative Mismatch Between Particle Number- and Protein-Based Dosing.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Condensates on the Move: Midbody Remnants as Large, Translation-Competent Extracellular Vesicles.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Bridges under construction: the dynamics of ring canal expansion during Drosophila oogenesis.Developmental biology · 2026Review
- Oncogenic H-Ras Reprograms Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) Cell-Derived Midbody Remnant Proteome Following Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.Proteomics · 2026Article
- Large extracellular vesicles and blebbisomes in cancer: emerging and translational opportunities highlights.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- The midbody and midbody remnant: from cellular debris to signaling organelle with diagnostic and therapeutic potential.Molecular biology of the cell · 2025Review
- Extracellular membrane particles en route to the nucleus - exploring the VOR complex.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Review
- Tetraspanins affect membrane structures and the trafficking of molecular partners: what impact on extracellular vesicles?Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in cell-cell communication, but the biogenesis of large EVs has remained elusive. Here, we show that the biogenesis of large EVs (>800 nm-2 µm) occurs predominantly through the completion of successful cytokinesis, and the majority of large EVs are midbody remnants (MBRs) with translation activity, and the unique marker MKLP1. Blocking the cell cycle or cytokinesis, genetically or chemically, significantly decreases MBRs and large (800 nm-2 µm), medium (500-800 nm), and small (<300 nm) EVs, suggesting that proliferative cells can also generate all sizes of EVs. The canonical EV markers including CD9, CD63, CD81 localize to the spindle midzone, midbody, and MBRs, suggesting that these markers are not specific for detecting EVs exclusively. Importantly, all commonly used EV isolation methods isolate MBRs, confounding previous EV research. Last, isolated MBRs maintain translation activity regardless of the isolation method. We propose a model for the biogenesis of EVs throughout the cell cycle and suggest that some large EVs are primarily generated from mitotic cells. The discovery of MBRs as a unique class of large, translating EVs has implications for using them as cancer diagnostic markers and for engineering them for therapeutic cargo delivery during mitosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.