ArticleArchives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists2025
Transdiagnostic Attentional Deficits Are Associated with Depressive and Externalizing Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Neuropsychiatric Disorders.
Article in Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveAlthough inattention, impulsivity, and impairments to vigilance are most associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), transdiagnostic attentional deficits are prevalent across all psychiatric disorders. To further elucidate this relationship, the present study investigated parent-reported neuropsychiatric symptom correlates of attention deficits using the factor structure of the Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT-II), a neuropsychological test of attention.
methodTwo-hundred and eighteen children and adolescents (7-21 years old) completed the CPT-II as part of standard clinical protocol during outpatient pediatric neuropsychology visits. The factor structure of the CPT-II was determined with a principal component analysis (PCA) using Promax rotation. Pearson correlation analyses and regression models examined the relationship between the generated factor structure, parent-reported clinical symptoms, and pre-determined clinical diagnoses.
resultsResults from the PCA suggested a three-factor model best supported the structure of the CPT-II, and were subsequently defined as inattention, impulsivity, and vigilance. Performance-based inattention was significantly correlated with parent-reported hyperactivity, aggression, conduct problems, and depression. Parent-reported depressive symptoms and conduct problems were the strongest correlates of performance-based inattention, not hyperactivity or aggression. Performance-based inattention was significantly associated with an ADHD diagnosis but not a depression or anxiety diagnosis.
conclusionsFindings suggest attentional deficits are not specific to any one disorder. To enhance the identification, classification, and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, both researchers and clinicians alike must diminish the importance of categorical approaches to child/adolescent psychopathology and continue to consider the dimensionality of transdiagnostic characteristics such as inattention.
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