ArticleScientific reports2024
Nationwide cross-sectional surveillance of Leishmania donovani in phlebotomine sand flies and its impact on national kala-azar elimination in India.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Insights into animal reservoir hosts for the circulation ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Decision-making for indoor residual spraying in the post-elimination phase of visceral leishmaniasis in Nepal.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- High Seropositivity to rK39 and Capture of Leishmania-Infected Sand Flies in Bihar and Jharkhand Emphasize the Need for Post-Elimination Surveillance of Visceral Leishmaniasis in India.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Application of ddPCR for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of visceral leishmaniasis patients: addition of an ultrasensitive tool to the diagnostic arsenal.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Risk factors for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL): Challenges in understanding pathophysiology.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
- Article
- Challenges in sustaining the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis in India.International health · 2025Article
- Molecular identification of wild caught phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) by mitochondrial DNA barcoding in India.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- AI-driven analysis by identifying risk factors of VL relapse in HIV co-infected patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Report of a New Sand Fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) Species,Insects · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
India is accelerating efforts to eliminate kala-azar by aligning its National Kala-Azar Elimination Program with the World Health Organization's (WHO) roadmap for Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) 2021-2030. Elimination relies on comprehensive vector surveillance and integrated vector management. This study aimed to conduct nationwide entomological surveillance to detect Leishmania donovani in phlebotomine sand flies. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023 in five different biogeographical zones in India. Mechanical aspirator, light traps were used for sampling. The collected sand flies were identified to species level. Molecular xenomonitoring was conducted using kDNA qPCR, and parasite characterization targeting ITS1 gene sequencing and RFLP. Sand fly species was confirmed by DNA barcode. Molecular xenomonitoring revealed that Phlebotomus argentipes from Bihar, West Bengal, and Kerala exhibited high levels of L. donovani parasitic DNA. In Rajasthan, P. sergenti and P. papatasi and in Himachal Pradesh, P. longiductus, P. major, and P. bruneyi were positive. The high levels of L. donovani parasitic DNA detected in various Phlebotomus species, along with its presence in other sand fly species beyond the established vectors, underscore the urgent need for the National Kala-Azar Elimination Program to prioritize comprehensive and rigorous vector surveillance. Strengthening these efforts is crucial for achieving the program's goal of eliminating the disease.
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