Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39561332›Full record

ArticleDiabetes2025

Activation of the HPA Axis Does Not Explain Nonresponsiveness to GLP-1R Agonist Treatment in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.

Sevilay Tokgöz, Marti Boss, Theodorus J P Jansen, Rick Meijer, Cathelijne Frielink, Arianne C van Bon, Cees J Tack, Bastiaan E de Galan, Martin Gotthardt

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Sex Differences in [Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sevilay TokgözDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0009-7597-8170
Marti BossDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Theodorus J P JansenDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Rick MeijerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Cathelijne FrielinkDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Arianne C van BonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands.
Cees J TackDepartment of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Bastiaan E de GalanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Martin GotthardtDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Funding

Diabetes Fonds 459001019ZonMw
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

article highlightsIt is unclear why some individuals with type 2 diabetes are unresponsive to treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, but hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation could play a role. We used [68Ga]Ga-NODAGA-exendin-4 positron emission tomography/computed tomography to compare pituitary GLP-1R expression between responders and nonresponders to treatment with GLP-1R agonists. Pituitary GLP-1R expression and HPA axis activation did not differ between responders and nonresponders to GLP-1R agonist treatment. In addition, pituitary radiolabeled exendin uptake was markedly higher in men than in women. Further study is required to explain treatment differences and understand sex differences in pituitary radiolabeled exendin uptake.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemPituitary-Adrenal SystemAgedExenatideFemaleGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorHumansMaleMiddle AgedPituitary GlandPositron Emission Tomography Computed TomographyExenatideGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 ReceptorGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic Agents

Identifiers

PMID39561332
PMCPMC11755685

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.