Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39563240›Full record

ArticleThe journal of headache and pain2024

Formoterol dynamically alters endocannabinoid tone in the periaqueductal gray inducing headache.

Ingrid L Peterson, Erika Liktor-Busa, Kelly L Karlage, Sally J Young, Natalie E Scholpa, Rick G Schnellmann, Tally M Largent-Milnes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of headache and pain, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Endogenous treatments for migraine pain.The journal of headache and pain · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ingrid L PetersonDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Erika Liktor-BusaDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Kelly L KarlageDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Sally J YoungDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Natalie E ScholpaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Rick G SchnellmannDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.
Tally M Largent-MilnesDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States. tlargent@arizona.edu.

Funding

PHYSIOLOGYT32HL007249 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI Brett A Colson, JOHN P KONHILAS · 1985 to 2026
$12.5M
Targeting the Endocannabinoid System for Headache InterventionR01NS126752 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA · PI Tally Marie Milnes · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Primary Afferent Transmission in the Trigeminal Dorsal HornF32DE022499 · NIDCR · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI MILNES, TALLY MARIE · 2011 to 2014
$127k
BLRD VA I01 BX004868BLRD VA IK2 BX005218NIDCR NIH HHS F32 DE022499NIH HHS 1R01NS126752-01A1NIH HHS T32-HL007249NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS126752U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs I01BX004868U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs IK2BX005218
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHeadache is a pain disorder present in populations world-wide with a higher incidence in females. Specifically, the incidences of medication overuse headache (MOH) have increased worldwide. Comorbidities of MOH include photosensitivity, anxiety, "brain fog", and decreased physical activity. The FDA-approved long-lasting selective β

methodsFemale 8-week-old C57Bl/6J mice were treated daily with formoterol (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) for up to 42-days, during which they were assessed for periorbital allodynia, open field/novel object recognition, and photosensitivity. At the end of the study, the periaqueductal grey (PAG), a brain region known to contribute to both headache induction and maintenance, was collected and subjected to LC-MS to quantify endocannabinoid levels.

resultsMice exhibited periorbital allodynia at nearly all time points tested and photosensitivity from 28-days onward. Levels of endocannabinoids, anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), along with cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB

conclusionsThese results suggest that formoterol is dysregulates eCB tone to drive headache-like periorbital allodynic behaviors. These results could help inform preventative treatment options for individuals receiving formoterol, as well as provide information on the interaction between the eCB and adrenergic system.

Indexed as

EndocannabinoidsFormoterol FumaratePeriaqueductal GrayAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHeadacheHyperalgesiaMiceMice, Inbred C57BLAdrenergic beta-2 Receptor AgonistsEndocannabinoidsFormoterol FumarateAdrenergicEndocannabinoidFormoterolHeadacheIn vivoMousePAG

Identifiers

PMID39563240
PMCPMC11575070

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.