Evidence mapPaperPMID 39570565Full record

ArticleInternational journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery2025

Validity of a virtual reality-based straight coloanal anastomosis simulator.

George Westergaard, Alexis Desir, Jacob Barker, Tansel Halic, Shruti Hegde, Amr Al Abbas, Javier Salgado Pogacnik, James W Fleshman, Ganesh Sankaranarayanan, Suvranu De and 1 more

Abstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

George WestergaardDepartment of Computer Science, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, USA.
Alexis DesirDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Jacob BarkerSchool of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Devon Energy Hall, 110 W. Boyd St, Norman, OK, 73019, USA.
Tansel HalicPeachtree Corners, Sunnyvale, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2558-4001
Shruti HegdeDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Amr Al AbbasDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5629-1060
Javier Salgado PogacnikDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
James W FleshmanDepartment of Surgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3060-2761
Ganesh SankaranarayananDepartment of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1556-2797
Suvranu DeCollege of Engineering, Florida A&M University, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8489-0001
Doga DemirelSchool of Computer Science, University of Oklahoma, Devon Energy Hall, 110 W. Boyd St, Norman, OK, 73019, USA. doga@ou.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8270-1163

Funding

Physically Realistic Virtual SurgeryR01EB005807 · NIBIB · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI DE, SUVRANU, JACKSON, CULLEN DAVIS · 2006 to 2024
$7.0M
Development and validation of a Virtual Colorectal Surgical Trainer (VCoST)R01EB025241 · NIBIB · RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE · PI DE, SUVRANU · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Enhancing robotic head and neck surgical skills using stimulated simulationR01EB032820 · NIBIB · FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Suvranu De, Ernest Dennis Gomez · 2023 to 2026
$1.8M
Development and Validation of a Virtual Bariatric Endoscopic (ViBE) simulatorR01EB033674 · NIBIB · FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL UNIV · PI DE, SUVRANU · 2022 to 2024
$1.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB005807NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB005807NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB025241NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB025241NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB032820NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB032820NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB033674NIBIB NIH HHS R01EB033674
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeCurrent training methods for surgical trainees are inadequate because they are costly, low-fidelity, or have a low skill ceiling. This work aims to expand available virtual reality training options by developing a VR trainer for straight coloanal anastomosis (SCA), one of the Colorectal Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (COSATS) tasks.

methodsWe developed a VR-based SCA simulator to evaluate trainees based on their performance. To increase the immersiveness, alongside the VR headset, we used haptics as the primary method of interaction with the simulation. We also implemented objective performance metrics to evaluate trainee performance throughout the simulation.

resultsWe presented our performance metrics to 27 participants for an Expert Consensus Survey (5-point Likert scale) and created weights for our metrics. The weighted average scores for the 24 task-specific metrics ranged from 3.5 to 5. Additionally, for the general metrics, the scores spanned from 3.3 to 4.6. In the second phase of our study, we conducted a study with 16 participants (novice n = 9, expert n = 7). Based on the performance, experts outperformed novices by 8.56% when referring to the total score (p = 0.0041). Three of the measurable metrics, purse suture (p = 0.0797), retracting the anvil (p = 0.0738), and inserting the colonoscope (p = 0.0738) showed a significant difference between experts and novices. Experts were smoother with their hand motions by 3.67% per second and took 70.77% longer paths to complete the same tasks.

conclusionWe created a high-fidelity coloanal anastomosis VR simulator. The simulator runs in real-time while allowing high immersion with a VR headset, deformable bodies, and a haptic device while providing objective feedback through performance metrics. Experts obtained higher scores throughout the simulation, including the quiz to demonstrate procedural knowledge, the metrics to demonstrate experience in steps/procedure, and control of their basic surgical skills and hand movements.

Indexed as

Anal CanalAnastomosis, SurgicalClinical CompetenceColonSimulation TrainingVirtual RealityFemaleHumansMaleColoanal anastomosisCOSATSHapticsSurgical simulatorVirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID39570565
PMCPMC11930611

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.