Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39572573›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Waist-to-calf circumference ratio as a potential indicator of diabetes risk: results from the Longevity Check-Up (Lookup) 8.

Stefano Cacciatore, Anna Maria Martone, Francesca Ciciarello, Vincenzo Galluzzo, Giordana Gava, Claudia Massaro, Riccardo Calvani, Matteo Tosato, Emanuele Marzetti, Francesco Landi and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Association Between Anthropometric Indices and Presence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Obesity.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Stefano CacciatoreDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy. stefano.cacciatore01@icatt.it.ORCID 0000-0001-7504-3775
Anna Maria MartoneDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0981-0347
Francesca CiciarelloDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9021-9182
Vincenzo GalluzzoDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4620-5979
Giordana GavaDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-1459-7625
Claudia MassaroDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Riccardo CalvaniDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5472-2365
Matteo TosatoDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5750-9746
Emanuele MarzettiDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9567-6983
Francesco LandiDepartment of Geriatrics, Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy. francesco.landi@policlinicogemelli.it.ORCID 0000-0002-3472-1389
Lookup 8+ Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes is a prevalent metabolic condition with substantial health and economic impacts. Therefore, effective and accessible indicators are essential for early detection and prevention. This study investigates the link between the waist-to-calf circumference ratio (WCR) and diabetes risk in a large cohort from the Longevity Check-Up (Lookup) 8+ Study. The present investigation is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Diabetes was defined either as self-reported diagnosis, or fasting plasma glucose equal to or greater than 126 mg/dL, or random plasma glucose equal to or greater than 200 mg/dL. The WCR was calculated by dividing waist circumference by calf circumference. A total population of 8900 participants (mean age 57.1 ± 14.8 years, 55% women) was included in the study. The prevalence of diabetes was 9.4%. Mean WCR displayed a significant trend (p for trend < 0.001), and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed significant differences among the normal, pre-diabetes, diabetes groups. Unadjusted logistic regression showed a positive association between higher WCR and diabetes, which remained significant in the adjusted models. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that WCR had a higher area under the curve compared to waist circumference alone, with cut-off values of 2.35 for men and 2.12 for women providing high sensitivity (91% for men, 92% for women) and specificity (74% for men, 75% for women). Our study introduces WCR as a novel, simple, and cost-effective anthropometric measure for identifying individuals at risk of diabetes, suitable for clinical use, especially in resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Waist CircumferenceAdultAgedBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansLongevityMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsROC CurveBlood GlucoseAnthropometric measuresBody compositionCardiovascular riskLifestyleMetabolic syndromeMuscle massObesityWaist circumference

Identifiers

PMID39572573
PMCPMC11582644

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.