Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39583074›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2024

Hospitalization costs in patients with stroke in southeastern China: a retrospective population-based cohort study, 2019-2022.

Jing Xu, Ruixue Ye, Jingpu Zhao, Xuehui Fan, Kaiwen Xue, Xiaoxuan Li, Xiaolong Zhu, Yan Gao, Yulong Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jing Xu *Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Ruixue Ye *Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Jingpu ZhaoDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Xuehui FanDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Kaiwen XueDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Xiaoxuan LiRehabilitation Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Xiaolong ZhuDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Yan GaoDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Yulong WangDepartment of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke remains a predominant cause of mortality and accounts for one-third of all stroke-related fatalities worldwide. Increasing expenses associated with stroke are a matter of significant concern; however, this aspect has been insufficiently examined. Methods: The purpose of this study was to analyze in-hospital stroke costs and explore potential factors influencing them across stroke subtypes. The records of stroke patients from 50 hospitals in southeastern China between 2019 and 2022 were reviewed using multistage stratified cluster random sampling. We focused on the cost patterns of four stroke types and used multivariate linear regression to identify cost determinants. Results: A total of 417 (1.1%) patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 9309 (25.9%) had intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 22,248 (61.8%) had ischemic stroke (IS), and 4025 had transient ischemic attack (TIA). The number of stroke patients has sharply increased since the onset of COVID-19, with a majority of them being male (72.2%). Despite the fact that hospitalization costs are highest in tertiary hospitals (Chinese yuan [CNY] 30610.8/United States dollar [USD] 4551.0, interquartile range [IQR] 9944.9, 29668.4/1478.6, 4410.9), the majority of patients are admitted to tertiary hospitals (74.6%) or public hospitals (90.2%). Across all stroke subtypes, patients with SAH had the highest costs (CNY 93,454.9/USD13894.4, IQR 12273.2, 169920.0/1824.7, 25262.8), followed by those with ICH (CNY 48,724.2/USD 7244.0, IQR 16789.6, 57540.7/2496.2, 8554.8), IS (CNY 26,550.3/USD3947.4, IQR 8684.2, 28697.7/1291.1, 4266.6), and TIA (CNY 11,170.1/USD1660.7, IQR 6823.7, 12965.2/1014.5, 1927.6). Therapy fees comprised a significant portion of costs in ICH and IS cases (47.9% and 42.7%, respectively). Materials accounted for the highest proportion of expenses for SAH (56.1%), whereas patients with TIA spent more time on examinations (34.1%). Linear regression analysis revealed that length of stay (LOS), stroke subtype, hospital level, and stroke type were key factors influencing hospitalization costs. Discussion: The visiting rate and charges were highest in tertiary public hospitals, and hospitalization costs were higher in hemorrhagic types of stroke than in ischemic types of stroke; the proportion of hospitalization cost categories varied among different types of stroke, with LOS, hospital type, and level substantially affecting hospitalization costs. Enhancing medical insurance reimbursement rates for hemorrhagic strokes, implementing a hierarchical medical system, tailoring cost categories to accommodate varying stroke subtypes, and shortening LOS may help alleviate the economic burden of stroke.

Indexed as

HospitalizationStrokeAgedAged, 80 and overCerebral HemorrhageChinaCOVID-19FemaleHospital CostsHumansIschemic Attack, TransientIschemic StrokeMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesSubarachnoid Hemorrhagecosts and cost analysisinpatientsretrospective cohort studysoutheastern Chinastroke subtype

Identifiers

PMID39583074
PMCPMC11582024

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.