ArticleJACC. Advances2024
Enrollment of Females in Randomized Trials for Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review.
Article in JACC. Advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Participation of Women in Cardiovascular Trials From 2017 to 2023: A Systematic Review.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Trends and Predictors of Premature Termination of Cardiovascular Trials: A Systematic Review.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- The cardiometabolic paradox in women.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Immune and Vascular Function in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Interplay With Sex Differences and Impact on Incretin Therapy.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) form the basis for therapeutic recommendations for both males and females. Historically, females have been significantly underrepresented in RCTs. Objectives: The authors sought to determine the trends of representation of females in GLP-1RA RCTs from 2007 to 2024. Methods: We reviewed eligible studies and extracted important variables. The proportion of females among the total participants was obtained per study. This was compared over time (year) of publication and over mean age of participants. This proportion was also compared between specific types of GLP-1RA received, diabetes status, indication of therapy, and concurrent comorbidities. Participation to prevalence ratio was used to compare participation of women in clinical trials to the actual numbers of females affected by disease. Results: We observed a declining trend in the proportion of females enrolled in RCTs compared to men (np-trend z = -2.29, Conclusions: There is a declining trend in the proportion of females enrolled in GLP-1RA RCTs compared to men. Females are fairly represented among RCTs done in heart failure and chronic kidney disease, however, significantly underrepresented for studies on coronary heart disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.