ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2025
Elevated serum interferon-α2 associates with activity and flare risk in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The 2026 British Society for Rheumatology guideline for the management of children, young people and adults with systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2026Guideline
- Insights into the pathogenesis of childhood-onset SLE in the past decade.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2026Review
- Potential Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.JMA journal · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study investigated serum IFN-α2 as a putative marker of disease activity and predictor of disease flares in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE).
methodsA total of 222 serum samples were analysed, including 28 healthy controls (HCs), 88 jSLE (159 samples) and 35 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. IFN-α2 levels were determined using single-molecule array (Simoa). Cross-sectionally, median IFN-α2 levels were compared between patient groups and disease activity state sub-groups. Time to flare was analysed by linear regression. Longitudinally, the ability of the IFN-α2 and other traditional biomarkers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate/ESR, low C3 and anti-dsDNA antibodies) to detect and predict flares was assessed via a generalised linear mixed model.
resultsCross-sectional analysis showed higher median IFN-α2 levels in the active/intermediate group (median 3185 fg/ml, IQR 48-13 703) compared with the LDAS (571 fg/ml, IQR 57-1310 fg/ml, P = 0.04) and remission sub-groups (271 fg/ml, IQR 3-56, P <0.001). IFN-α2 was higher in all JSLE patients (median 587 fg/ml, IQR 11-2774) as compared with JIA patients (median 7 fg/ml, IQR 3-236, P = 0.0017) and HCs (P = 0.017). JSLE patients in remission or LDAS with abnormal IFN-α2 levels had a shorter time to flare over the subsequent six months compared with those with normal IFN-α2 levels (P = 0.022). Longitudinally, multivariable analysis demonstrated high IFN-α2 to be the only predictor of an ongoing flare (P = 0.028).
conclusionSerum IFN-α2 levels associate with disease activity and can predict ongoing and future flares in jSLE. These findings suggest that quantification of IFN-α2 may support risk stratification and disease monitoring in these patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.