ReviewBiosensors2024
Recapitulating Glioma Stem Cell Niches Using 3D Spheroid Models for Glioblastoma Research.
Review in Biosensors, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mimicking tumor hypoxia in a glioblastoma-on-a-chip.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Patient-derived tissue cultures complement neurospheres for preclinical evaluation of AAV-mediated gene delivery in glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Flash Assembloids: A Rapid Biofabrication of a Platform for Modeling Early Glioblastoma Invasion at the Glioblastoma-Brain Organoid Interfaces.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Stem-like characteristics across sequentially temozolomide-adapted glioblastoma cell populations with increasing levels of acquired resistance.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- The Flavonoid Rutin Enhances Temozolomide Sensitivity in Glioblastoma Spheroids by Modulating Chemoresistance via PI3K/AKT, STAT3, Redox and Kynurenine Pathways, and Altering ECM Remodeling Associated with Reduced Migration.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrated 2D-3D Proteomic Profiling Identifies MLK4 as a Microenvironment-Responsive Regulator of Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Human Glioblastoma Cells.Biology of the cell · 2026Article
- Standardized Workflow for the Generation of Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Spheroids.Methods and protocols · 2026Article
- Overcoming Chemoresistance in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Strategies, and Functional Precision Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Arylsulfatase D promotes malignant phenotypes in glioblastoma cells and is linked to altered Hippo pathway phosphorylation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Alginate-Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffold Model for Hypoxia Induction in Glioblastoma Embedded Spheroids.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Optimizing GBM organoid construction with hydrogel-based models: GelMA-HAMA scaffold supports GBM organoids with clonal growth for drug screening.Cell transplantationArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most aggressive brain cancers, and it contains glioma stem cells (GSCs) that drive tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence. These cells resist conventional therapies, contributing to high recurrence rates in GBM patients. Developing in vitro models that mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly the GSC niche, is crucial for understanding GBM growth and therapeutic resistance. Three-dimensional (3D) spheroid models provide a more physiologically relevant approach than traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures, recapitulating key tumor features like hypoxia, cell heterogeneity, and drug resistance. This review examines scaffold-free and scaffold-based methods for generating 3D GBM spheroids, focusing on their applications in studying the cancer stem cell niche. The discussion encompasses methods such as the hanging drop, low-adhesion plates, and magnetic levitation, alongside advancements in embedding spheroids within extracellular matrix-based hydrogels and employing 3D bioprinting to fabricate more intricate tumor models. These 3D culture systems offer substantial potential for enhancing our understanding of GBM biology and devising more effective targeted therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.