SynthesisStem cell research & therapy2024
Different storage and freezing protocols for extracellular vesicles: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Stem cell research & therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 123 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
123 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Human clinical evidence on stem cell-based therapies for ischemic stroke: An umbrella review with emphasis on mesenchymal stem cells.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Pooled it
- Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Ocular Surface Disorders.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence and extracellular vesicles in oncology: towards tumor diagnosis, prediction, and therapy.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- The expanding role of biocompatible hydrogels in plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles for skin diseases: prospects and challenges.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Extension of the fluidics NTF-Biobank of polytraumatized patients with extracellular vesicles: improved vesicle preservation through local processing.European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society · 2026Article
- Matrix-Bound Nanovesicles as Tissue-Specific Signaling Hubs for Immunomodulation and Precision Regenerative Medicine.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Urinary Extracellular Vesicles Biomarkers in CKD: Clinical Laboratory Translation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pre-analytical optimization of cell-free DNA and extracellular vesicle-derived DNA for mutation detection in liquid biopsies.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Characterisation and Comparative Evaluation of miRNA Contained in Small Extracellular Vesicles Isolated From Bovine Milk and Whey.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicle-mediated mechanisms and therapeutic potential in acute lung injury.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Review
- Medicinal Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles: From Basic Research to Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Engineered small extracellular vesicles in hematologic malignancies: mechanisms, therapeutic strategies, and translational challenges.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- The Dual Roles of Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes in Regulating Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cerebrospinal Fluid in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology: Molecular Diagnosis, Disease Monitoring, and Clinical Translation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms governing exosome biogenesis, engineering strategies, and emerging role as cell-free therapeutics.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- The actively secreted plasma extracellular vesicle troponin (ASPECT) study: circulating troponin in extracellular vesicles across cardiovascular disease cohorts.Biomarker research · 2026Article
- Exosomes as Disease-Informed Nanoplatforms for Pulmonary Fibrosis: From Pathogenic Signaling to Precision Diagnosis and Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Frozen melanoma tissues yield extracellular vesicles with preserved diagnostic and immunogenic properties.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Unlocking the stability and storage conditions of plant-derived nanovesicles through metabolomic and lipidomic profiling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
63 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have been considered promising tools in regenerative medicine. However, the nanoscale properties of EVs make them sensitive to environmental conditions. Optimal storage protocols are crucial for maintaining EV structural, molecular, and functional integrity. This systematic review aimed to gather evidence on the effects of various storage protocols on EV characteristics and integrity. STRATEGY: A comprehensive search was conducted for original studies investigating the impacts of storage temperature, freezing techniques, freeze-thaw cycles, and stabilizing strategies on EV concentration, size distribution, morphology, cargo content, and bioactivity. Results from 50 included studies were analyzed.
resultsData indicated that rapid freezing procedures and constant subzero temperatures (optimally - 80 °C) resulted in appropriate EV quantity and cargo preservation. Subjecting EVs to multiple freeze-thaw cycles decreased particle concentrations, RNA content, impaired bioactivity, and increased EV size and aggregation. Electron microscopy revealed vesicle enlargement, and fusion, along with membrane deformation after being exposed to substandard storage protocols. The addition of stabilizers like trehalose helped EVs to maintain integrity. Of note, storage in native biofluids offered improved stability over purified EVs in buffers.
conclusionData emphasize the critical need for precise storage protocols for EVs to ensure reproducible research outcomes and clinical applications. Further studies using reliable methods are necessary to create specific guidelines for improving the stability of EVs in various applications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.