Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39595002›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2024

Reversal of Atherosclerotic Plaque Growth and Vulnerability: Effects of Lipid-Modifying and Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutic Agents.

Michail I Papafaklis, Rafail Koros, Grigorios Tsigkas, Antonios Karanasos, Athanasios Moulias, Periklis Davlouros

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Michail I PapafaklisFaculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-5646-0378
Rafail KorosCardiology Division, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6890-5127
Grigorios TsigkasFaculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-2779-0765
Antonios KaranasosFaculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-8052-6739
Athanasios MouliasCardiology Division, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.
Periklis DavlourosFaculty of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Atherosclerotic plaque development constitutes the primary substrate of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is the outcome of an intricate process involving endothelial damage, inflammation, and lipid retention. The clinical efficacy of many lipid-lowering therapies in patients with CAD has been well established. Over the past few decades, a substantial and significant advance regarding the use of invasive and non-invasive imaging modalities has been observed. Numerous studies have been conducted using these imaging techniques and have investigated the changes in morphology (e.g., atheroma volume) and composition (e.g., lipid burden, fibrous cap thickness, macrophage accumulation) at the plaque level that explain the improved clinical outcomes by various pharmacological interventions. Lipid-lowering agents, such as statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, demonstrate direct effects on plaque volume and composition that enhance plaque stabilization and/or regression beyond the reduction of low-density lipoproteins. An increasing amount of clinical research is also focused on the role of inflammation in plaque vulnerability and future adverse cardiac events. Consequently, there is a pressing need to explore therapeutic strategies that are capable of disrupting the inflammatory response as well as reducing atheroma burden and modifying high-risk plaque characteristics. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the current evidence regarding the effects of traditional and novel therapeutic strategies targeting modification of the lipid profile and inflammatory processes on reversing plaque growth and attenuating vulnerable features, thereby promoting plaque stabilization and passivation.

Indexed as

atherosclerosiscoronary artery diseaseintravascular imagingintravascular ultrasoundlipid-lowering therapiesoptical coherence tomographyPCSK9plaque regressionplaque stabilizationstatins

Identifiers

PMID39595002
PMCPMC11591594

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.