Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39598429›Full record

ArticlePharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Fabrication of an In Situ pH-Responsive Raloxifene-Loaded Invasome Hydrogel for Breast Cancer Management: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.

Hanan O Farouk, Marwa M Nagib, Amr Gamal Fouad, Demiana M Naguib, Sherif Faysal Abdelfattah Khalil, Amany Belal, Samar F Miski, Nisreen Khalid Aref Albezrah, Shatha Hallal Al-Ziyadi, Gi-Hui Kim and 3 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hanan O FaroukDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
Marwa M NagibDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 11435, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-4508-9497
Amr Gamal FouadDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-0082-4160
Demiana M NaguibDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
Sherif Faysal Abdelfattah KhalilPharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
Amany BelalDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Samar F MiskiPharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42278, Saudi Arabia.
Nisreen Khalid Aref AlbezrahDepartment of Obstetric & Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Shatha Hallal Al-ZiyadiDepartment of Obstetric & Gynecology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Gi-Hui KimDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
Ahmed H E HassanDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-1048-6281
Kyung-Tae LeeDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-3141-3727
Doaa S HamadDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nile Valley University, Fayoum 63518, Egypt.

Funding

This research work was supported by Taif University, Saudi Arabia TU-DSPP-2024-293
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesRaloxifene (RLF) is a therapeutic option for invasive breast cancer because it blocks estrogen receptors selectively. Low solubility, limited targeting, first-pass action, and poor absorption are some of the challenges that make RLF in oral form less effective. This study aimed to create an intra-tumoral in situ pH-responsive formulation of RLF-invasome (IPHRLI) for breast cancer treatment, with the goals of sustaining RLF release, minimizing adverse effects, and enhancing solubility, bioavailability, targeting, and effectiveness.

methodsNumerous RLF-invasome formulations were optimized using design expert software (version 12.0.6.0, StatEase Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA). Integrating an optimal formulation with an amalgam of chitosan and glyceryl monooleate resulted in the IPHRLI formulation. In vivo testing of the IPHRLI formulation was conducted utilizing the Ehrlich cancer model.

resultsRequirements for an optimum RLF-invasome formulation were met by a mixture of phospholipids (2.46%), ethanol (2.84%), and cineole (0.5%). The IPHRLI formulation substantially sustained its release by 75.41% after 8 h relative to free RLF. The bioavailability of intra-tumoral IPHRLI was substantially raised by 4.07-fold compared to oral free RLF. Histopathological and tumor volume analyses of intra-tumoral IPHRLI confirmed its efficacy and targeting effect.

conclusionsthe intra-tumoral administration of the IPHRLI formulation may provide a potential strategy for breast cancer management.

Indexed as

bioavailabilitybreast cancerchitosaninvasomesraloxifenetargeting

Identifiers

PMID39598429
PMCPMC11597612

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.