Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39612068›Full record

ArticleGeroScience2025

Exploring the global impact of obesity and diet on dementia burden: the role of national policies and sex differences.

Xueshan Cao, Huiyuan Peng, Ziyi Hu, Chang Xu, Monan Ning, Mengge Zhou, Yuanqi Mi, Peixin Yu, Vince Fazekas-Pongor, David Major and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in GeroScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Xueshan CaoDepartment of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Huiyuan PengDepartment of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Ziyi HuMingde Innovation Class, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Chang XuMingde Innovation Class, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Monan NingMingde Innovation Class, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Mengge ZhouDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
Yuanqi MiDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Peixin YuSchool of Arts and Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Vince Fazekas-PongorInstitute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
David MajorInstitute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Zoltan UngvariVascular Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegeneration and Healthy Brain Aging Program, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Monika FeketeInstitute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Andrea LehoczkiInstitute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Yang GuoDepartment of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. yangguo@hebmu.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-5673-3989

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is a significant modifiable risk factor for dementia. This study aims to quantify the global impact of obesity on dementia burden and examine how national strategies for managing overweight/obesity and dietary factors influence dementia prevalence and mortality, with a focus on sex-specific differences. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and World Health Organization (WHO) to evaluate the association between obesity age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and dementia age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and ASPR across 161 countries. A two-step multivariate analysis adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was performed. Temporal trends in dementia were analyzed based on the presence of national obesity management strategies and varying dietary scores. A 1% increase in national obesity prevalence was associated with a 0.36% increase in dementia mortality (OR: 1.0036; 95% CI: 1.0028-1.0045) in males and 0.12% in females (OR: 1.0012; 95% CI: 1.0007-1.0018). A 1% increase in national obesity ASPR was associated with an increase in ASPR of dementia by 0.26% for males (OR: 1.0026, 95% CI: 1.0024-1.0028) and 0.05% for females (OR: 1.0005, 95% CI: 1.0004-1.0006). Males exhibited a higher susceptibility to obesity-related dementia. Countries with national obesity management strategies showed a significantly greater reduction in dementia mortality, particularly among females (P = 0.025). Higher dietary scores were associated with a more significant decrease in dementia prevalence across both sexes. Rising obesity prevalence is linked to increased dementia burden globally, with males being more vulnerable to this relationship. National management of overweight/obesity and healthier dietary habits may help mitigate the dementia burden, emphasizing the need for integrated public health interventions.

Indexed as

DementiaDietObesityAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlobal Burden of DiseaseGlobal HealthHealth PolicyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSex FactorsBurdenDementiaDietObesityPublic health

Identifiers

PMID39612068
PMCPMC11872863

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.