Evidence mapPaperPMID 39618315Full record

ReviewDiabetes technology & therapeutics2025

Toward Automation: The Road Traveled and Road Ahead for Integrating Automated Insulin Delivery into Inpatient Care.

Michael S Hughes, Francisco J Pasquel, Georgia M Davis, Rayhan A Lal, Bruce A Buckingham, Charlotte K Boughton, Sue A Brown, Lia Bally

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes technology & therapeutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. EndoBridge 2025: pearls and highlights.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2026
    Review
  2. Inpatient Use of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. The Future of Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2025
    Review
  5. Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025
    Review
  6. Early Stages of Automated Insulin Delivery.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025
    Review
  7. Inpatient Insulin Dosing Calculators.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Michael S HughesDivision of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3729-0350
Francisco J PasquelDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3845-6703
Georgia M DavisDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9671-0063
Rayhan A LalDivision of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8055-944X
Bruce A BuckinghamDivision of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4581-4887
Charlotte K BoughtonInstitute of Metabolic Science-Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-3272-9544
Sue A BrownDivision of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes Technology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8658-6270
Lia BallyDepartment of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Nutritional Medicine and Metabolism (UDEM), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1993-7672

Funding

Stanford Islet Research CoreP30DK116074 · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$2.0M
Technologies Advancing Translation - Regional CoreP30DK111024 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$775k
Automated Insulin Delivery for INpatients With DysGlycemia (AIDING)R01DK138366 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$720k
In-hospital use of Automated Insulin Delivery (AID): Current state and future potentialK23DK138267 · EMORY UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$178k
NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK122017NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK122199NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK138267NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK111024NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK116074NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK138366NIGMS NIH HHS K23 GM128221
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The introduction of automated insulin delivery (AID) systems represents a significant advancement in diabetes care, offering substantial benefits in outpatient settings. Although clinical studies suggest that these systems can also help improve glycemic control in acutely ill patients, several barriers remain for the actual implementation and use of these technologies in clinical practice. Three main contexts for inpatient use are addressed, including: (a) continuation of personal AID systems, (b) initiation of AID during hospitalization, and (c) initiation of AID systems at discharge. A research road map with immediate to long-term actions is presented. Initially, it calls for clinical studies assessing in-hospital efficacy, safety, and utility, addressing specific patient needs and health care operational impacts. Midterm, it focuses on practical integration, simplifying AID use, ensuring electronic health record compatibility, clarifying regulatory uncertainties, and supporting health care professionals and patients. Long-term goals include system optimizations and policy advocacy for in-hospital AID use.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Hypoglycemic AgentsInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsAutomationHospitalizationHumansInpatientsHypoglycemic AgentsInsulinautomated insulin deliveryclosed-loop systemsinpatient diabetesinpatient technologyroad map

Identifiers

PMID39618315
PMCPMC11971560

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.