ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2024
Social and health factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with drug-sensitive tuberculosis in Brazil: a national retrospective cohort study.
Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epidemiological characteristics and trends of paediatric tuberculosis cases in Spain, 2012-2023.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Association between maintenance dialysis and tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Amazonas, Brazil: a population-based record-linkage cohort study (2001-2023) : Maintenance Dialysis and Tuberculosis Outcomes.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Although tuberculosis (TB) poses a significant global health threat to children and adolescents, there is limited information on the factors associated with TB treatment outcomes in this group. This study investigated the social and health factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes in children and adolescents with TB in Brazil, a high TB burden country. Methods: We conducted a population-based national retrospective cohort study of children (0-9 years) and adolescents (10-17 years) with TB in Brazil notified to the national Findings: A total of 88,270 children and adolescents with TB were included of whom 25,600 (30.6%) had healthcare worker-supervised directly observed therapy (DOT). Of these, 9303 (10.5%) individuals experienced unfavourable TB treatment outcomes. For children, HIV infection (adjusted Odds Ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-3.1) and did not receive DOT (2.3, 1.9-2.7) were associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes. For adolescents, alcohol use (1.6, 1.2-2.0), illicit drug use (4.2, 3.4-5.1), tobacco use (1.6, 1.3-2.1), HIV infection (2.7, 2.2-3.4), and not receiving DOT (2.6, 2.3-2.9) were associated with unfavourable TB treatment outcome. Receiving social protection through government cash transfers protected against death (0.5, 0.3-0.9). Interpretation: In Brazil, TB treatment success rates were comparable to WHO End TB Strategy targets (90%). Substance use, HIV infection, and the absence of supervised treatment were the main factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes. Strategies to improve equity of TB treatment outcomes in this vulnerable group, including integrated HIV-TB services, DOT in healthcare facilities or communities, and holistic, person-centred healthcare and social protection, should be evaluated. Funding: Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC), the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), the Medical Research Council (MRC) and Wellcome, UK.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.