Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39629074›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2024

Dipeptide alanine-glutamine ameliorates retinal neurodegeneration in an STZ-induced rat model.

Yuhan Zhang, Mingyan Wei, Xin Wang, Yuan Xu, Rongrong Zong, Xiang Lin, Shiying Li, Wensheng Chen, Zuguo Liu, Qian Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yuhan Zhang *Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Mingyan Wei *Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Xin WangXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Yuan XuXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Rongrong ZongXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Xiang LinDepartment of Ophthalmology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Shiying LiDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
Wensheng ChenXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Zuguo LiuXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Qian ChenXiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes. Retinal neuronal degeneration is an early event in DR, indicated by the declined electroretinogram (ERG). Dipeptide alanine-glutamine (Ala-Gln) is widely used as a nutritional supplement in the clinic and has anti-inflammatory effects on the gastrointestinal system. Studies also reported that glutamine has beneficial effects on diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of Ala-Gln in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration and to delineate its mechanism of action. Methods: The Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model was used as a DR model. ERG was used to measure the neuronal function of the retina. Western blot analysis was performed to test the expression of proteins. Immunofluorescence staining was used for the detection and localization of proteins. Results: In diabetic rats, the amplitudes of ERG were declined, while Ala-Gln restored the declined ERG. Retinal levels of inflammatory factors were significantly decreased in Ala-Gln-treated diabetic rats. Ala-Gln mitigated the declined levels of glutamine synthetase and ameliorated the upregulated levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in diabetic retinas. Moreover, Ala-Gln upregulated the glycolytic enzymes pyruvate kinase isozymes 2 (PKM2), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and LDHB and stimulated the mTOR signaling pathway in diabetic retinas. The mitochondrial function was improved after the treatment of Ala-Gln in diabetic retinas. Discussion: Ala-Gln ameliorates retinal neurodegeneration by reducing inflammation and enhancing glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function in DR. Therefore, manipulation of metabolism by Ala-Gln may be a novel therapeutic avenue for retinal neurodegeneration in DR.

Indexed as

alanine-glutaminediabetic retinopathyglucose metabolismmTORretinal neurodegeneration

Identifiers

PMID39629074
PMCPMC11611560

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.