SynthesisGeriatrics & gerontology international2025
Development of the Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale: English translation of the Japanese article.
Synthesis in Geriatrics & gerontology international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Anticholinergic Medication Burden Scales: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Pooled it
- Development of the Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale: English translation of the Japanese article.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Pooled it
- Body Mass Index Category and the Association Between Polypharmacy and Functional Recovery in Stroke Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Drugs & aging · 2026Article
- Associations between Anticholinergic Burden and Skeletal Muscle Indices and Physical Function in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.JMA journal · 2026Review
- Nonlinear Associations Between Frailty and Medication Burden in Hospitalized Older Adults.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Association between Polypharmacy and Handgrip Strength in Older Patients undergoing Convalescent Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Annals of geriatric medicine and research · 2026Observational
- Association of changes in medication with the effectiveness of rehabilitation in older patients: a hospital-based observational study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Observational
- Antipsychotic use and dysphagia risk in acute heart failure: a prospective cohort study.Heart and vessels · 2026Article
- Further Insights Into Anticholinergic Action Informed by Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Review
- Impact of Multiple Low-Anticholinergic Drugs on Older Inpatients: Insights From the J-HAC Study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Ikigai in aging hearts: Japan's approach to cardiovascular care.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Review
- Anticholinergic burden quantified using the Japanese risk scale as a predictor of frailty and sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults: A 9-year Kashiwa cohort study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
- Pharmacotherapy in Geriatric Rehabilitation: A Paradigm Shift from Disease Management to Functional Enhancement.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between Anticholinergic Drug Use and Febrile Neutropenia Induced by Anticancer Chemotherapy: Analysis of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.In vivo (Athens, Greece)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnticholinergic burden, reflecting the cumulative impact of medications with anticholinergic properties, significantly predicts adverse drug reactions and geriatric syndromes in older adults. Although anticholinergic risk scales (ARS) have been developed and validated in various countries, none have been tailored specifically for Japan. The Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale (JARS) was developed to adapt the existing ARS frameworks to the Japanese context, considering unique medication profiles and cultural factors. PROCESS: First, a systematic review was performed to follow the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017076510). A PubMed search from October 2017 to March 2023 was conducted to identify ARS publications post-September 2017. Based on two algorithms, average scores from the existing scores were used to develop JARS. The Delphi method, an expert consensus approach, was applied to determine the scores for medications that were not established by the algorithms. Sixteen articles identified in our systematic review contributed to JARS development. JARS categorizes 158 medications into three potency groups: 37 drugs scored as 3 (strong), 27 as 2 (moderate), and 94 as 1 (weak).
conclusionJARS, the newly developed ARS, could be a critical tool for anticholinergic burden assessment in older Japanese populations. Developed through a systematic review and Delphi-based expert consensus, it encompasses 158 medications, offering a comprehensive anticholinergic burden assessment. Future studies and updates should be conducted to improve the accuracy and clinical applicability of this scale. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 5-13.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.