Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39643829›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2024

Associations between dietary macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic health: data from NHANES 1999-2014.

Nicholas A Koemel, Alistair M Senior, Nasser Laouali, David S Celermajer, Amanda Grech, Helen M Parker, Stephen J Simpson, David Raubenheimer, Timothy P Gill, Michael R Skilton

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Impact of Diet and Sociodemographic Factors on Cardiovascular Health in University Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nicholas A KoemelCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Alistair M SeniorCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Nasser LaoualiUniversité Paris-Saclay, CESP UMR1018, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris, France.
David S CelermajerSydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Amanda GrechCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Helen M ParkerCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Stephen J SimpsonCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
David RaubenheimerCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Timothy P GillCharles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Level 2, John Hopkins Drive, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia. tim.gill@sydney.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8645-9255
Michael R SkiltonSydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeDietary macronutrients significantly impact cardiometabolic health, yet research often focuses on individual macronutrient relationships. This study aimed to explore the associations between dietary macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic health.

methodsThis study included 33,681 US adults (49.7 ± 18.3 years; 52.5% female) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1999-2014. Dietary data was derived from 1 to 2 separate 24-hour recalls and cardiometabolic health included lipid profile, glycemic control, blood pressure, and adiposity collected in a mobile examination center. Associations between dietary macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic health were examined using generalized additive models adjusted for age, socio-demographics, lifestyle, and diet quality.

resultsIn females, triglycerides (P < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol (P < 0.01) were the least optimal in diets containing lower fat (10%) and higher carbohydrate (75%). In males, HDL cholesterol was positively associated with fat (P < 0.01) and no association with triglycerides was detected. Total-C associations were male specific (P = 0.01) and highest in diets composed of 25% protein, 30% carbohydrate, and 45% fat. In both sexes, systolic blood pressure (P ≤ 0.02) was highest in diets containing lower fat (10%) coupled with moderate protein (25%). Diastolic blood pressure associations were female specific (P < 0.01) with higher values in those consuming the upper range of fat (55%). There were no associations of macronutrient composition with glycemic control or adiposity.

conclusionThis study revealed sex-specific relationships between macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic health. Future research is needed to explore these relationships across age groups.

Indexed as

Blood PressureDietNutrientsNutrition SurveysAdiposityAdultAgedBlood GlucoseCardiometabolic Risk FactorsCardiovascular DiseasesCholesterol, HDLCross-Sectional StudiesDietary FatsFemaleHumansMaleBlood GlucoseCholesterol, HDLDietary FatsNutrientsTriglyceridesCardiometabolic healthCardiovascular diseaseDietMacronutrientsNHANES

Identifiers

PMID39643829
PMCPMC11624254

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.