ArticleDrug safety2025
Trends in Proton Pump Inhibitor Use in Sweden by Sex and Age: A Drug Utilisation Study.
Article in Drug safety, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of gastric cancer: a systematic review, evidence synthesis and life course epidemiology perspective.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Sensory Evaluation of Pediatric Liquid Omeprazole Formulations Available in the UK.Clinical drug investigation · 2026Trial
- Appropriate Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Older Adults: Concerns and Solutions.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- The Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors Among Adults in Norway-A Nationwide Drug Utilization Study.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2025Article
- Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Antibiotics or Gastric Acid Inhibitors and Increased Risk of Epilepsy: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Prenatal and Early Childhood Exposure to Proton Pump Inhibitors and Antibiotics and the Risk of Childhood Cancer: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Drug safety · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most popular drugs worldwide. Yet, there are concerns on long-term safety and poor adherence to prescription guidelines. Off-label use in children and increasing maintenance use in older adults may be particularly worrisome.
objectivesTo assess differences in PPI use by age, sex calendar year and PPI type, and to explore potential underlying indications (ulcerogenic drugs, and indications) in Sweden.
methodsProton pump inhibitor drug utilisation study based on the Swedish nationwide prescribed drug (2006-2023) and patient registries (2006-2022).
resultsProton pump inhibitors were used by 14.4% (women) and 10.5% (men) of adults; and 1.0-1.5% of children and adolescents (aged < 20 years). Proton pump inhibitor use was higher in women in all age-groups except small children (aged < 5 years). Proton pump inhibitor use has increased in all age groups, especially in young children (aged < 10 years) and the oldest groups (aged > 65 years). Proton pump inhibitor users aged > 85 years filled most prescriptions with an annual average of 9.5 (men), 11.6 (women) prescriptions. Most prescriptions were for omeprazole and esomeprazole: 63.7% and 23.5% in adults; 23.5% and 44.7% in children (2023). Prescriptions for other drugs for peptic ulcers/reflux became rare, with 99% of prescriptions in this category being PPIs by 2023. Gastro-intestinal diagnoses were predominantly recorded in men, became less prevalent and only explained part of PPI use, while ulcerogenic drugs were common (particularly in women), suggesting PPIs are regularly used for gastroprotection.
conclusionProton pump inhibitor use has doubled in children and increased 50% in adults over the study period, in both sexes, while recorded gastrointestinal indications decreased. Alternative therapies were rarely prescribed in Sweden.
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Registered trials
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