Evidence mapPaperPMID 39652325Full record

ArticleJAMA pediatrics2025

New-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Among Korean Youths During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Da Hye Lee, Hwa Young Kim, Ji Young Park, Jaehyun Kim, Jae Hyeon Park

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Article in JAMA pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. The Rise and Rise of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Youth.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Da Hye LeeDepartment of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hwa Young KimDepartment of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Ji Young ParkDepartment of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
Jaehyun KimDepartment of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Jae Hyeon ParkDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Importance: Whether COVID-19 contributes to youth-onset diabetes is controversial, and research in Asia is lacking. Objective: To explore the incidence and severity of diabetes among youths during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Korea. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used claims data for January 1, 2017, through February 28, 2022, from the National Health Insurance Service database in South Korea. The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in patients younger than 20 years during the pandemic was analyzed and compared with that during the prepandemic period. The study included incident cases of T1D identified by at least 2 diagnosis codes with at least 2 insulin prescriptions within 1 year and T2D identified by at least 2 diagnosis codes with at least 2 prescriptions of diabetes medication within 1 year. Analyses were performed between January 29 and September 2, 2024. Exposures: COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was incidence of T1D and T2D, and secondary outcomes included the rate of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and association of new-onset diabetes with SARS-CoV-2 positivity. Results: The study included 2599 patients with T1D (mean [SD] age, 12.0 [4.8] years; 1235 [47.5%] male) and 11 040 patients with T2D (mean [SD] age, 16.0 [2.8] years; 6861 [62.1%] male). During the pandemic, the incidence rate ratios were 1.19 (95% CI, 1.10-1.29) for T1D and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.36-1.46) for T2D. The incidence rate of DKA at diagnosis increased during the first pandemic year compared with the prepandemic period (T1D, 42.8% [95% CI, 38.5%-47.0%] vs 31.3% [95% CI, 29.0%-33.7%], respectively; T2D, 6.0% [95% CI, 5.0%-7.1%] vs 2.9% [95% CI, 2.5%-3.3%], respectively) but returned to prepandemic levels in the second pandemic year (T1D, 34.5% [95% CI, 30.6%-38.5%]; T2D, 3.2% [95% CI, 2.6%-3.9%]). The hazard ratio for new-onset diabetes associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.17-1.13) for T1D and 1.08 (95% CI, 0.74-1.57) for T2D. Conclusions and Relevance: These findings suggest that the incidence and severity of T1D and T2D among South Korean youths increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The cohort analysis does not support SARS-CoV-2 infection itself as being directly associated with incident diabetes.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdolescentChildCohort StudiesDiabetic KetoacidosisFemaleHumansIncidenceMalePandemicsRepublic of KoreaSARS-CoV-2Young Adult

Identifiers

PMID39652325
PMCPMC11791714

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.