Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39657003›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025

Impaired Awareness and Symptomatology of Hypoglycemia in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

Yu Kuei Lin, Wen Ye, Emily Hepworth, Michael R Rickels, Stephanie A Amiel, Jane Speight, James A M Shaw

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yu Kuei LinDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1988-7046
Wen YeDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Emily HepworthDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.
Michael R RickelsDepartment of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, and Institute for Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Stephanie A AmielDepartment of Diabetes, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Kings College London, London SE5 9RJ, UK.
Jane SpeightSchool of Psychology, Institute for Health Transformation, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3125, Australia.
James A M ShawTranslational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK.

Funding

Restoring awareness of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetesU01DK135120 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2024 to 2025
$1.4M
Pilot and Feasibility ProgramP30DK092926 · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2025 to 2025
$779k
Minimizing Hypoglycemia in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes through an Integrated Mobile Health and Continuous Glucose Monitoring SystemK23DK129724 · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · 2025 to 2025
$197k
Michigan Center for Clinical and Translational Research P30DK092926NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR00240NIDDK NIH HHS K23 DK129724NIDDK NIH HHS K23DK129724NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK092926NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK135120
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CONTEXT AND

objectiveSparse large-scale studies have characterized hypoglycemia symptomatology in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) who use continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). This research aimed to evaluate the relationship of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) with hypoglycemia symptomatology and frequency in this population.

designA cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2023. HypoA-Q was used to evaluate hypoglycemia frequency, symptomatology, and awareness. SETTING &

participantsRegistrants who used CGM in the T1D Exchange, a U.S. national T1D registry.

resultsSurveys were completed by 1480 adults with T1D who used CGM (53% female; mean diabetes duration 26 years). Compared to those with intact hypoglycemia awareness, IAH was associated with less frequent hypoglycemia symptom presentation across various glucose levels and lower glucose concentrations for first presenting hypoglycemia symptoms when awake (P < .05 for all). More than 70% of individuals with IAH did not regularly experience symptoms during episodes with glucose <54 mg/dL. When asleep, those with IAH were less frequently awoken by symptoms, more frequently awoken by others who recognized their hypoglycemia, and more frequently acknowledged hypoglycemia after an episode (P < .05 for all) despite using CGM. With reduced symptoms, both when awake and asleep, those with IAH experienced more hypoglycemic episodes that they were unable to self-treat than those with intact awareness (P < .05).

conclusionIAH continues to be associated with a significant reduction in detection of hypoglycemia symptoms, both when awake and asleep, in adults using CGM. Current diabetes technologies do not fully protect adults with T1D from hypoglycemia.

Indexed as

AwarenessBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1HypoglycemiaAdultBlood GlucoseContinuous Glucose MonitoringCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedRegistriesYoung AdultBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic Agentscontinuous glucose monitorshypoglycemiahypoglycemia symptomatologyimpaired awareness of hypoglycemiatype 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39657003
PMCPMC12261081

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.