ArticleAnnals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine2025
Longitudinal timing of physical activity and associated cardiometabolic and behavioral health outcomes in young adults.
Article in Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Diurnal variation in physical activity and musculoskeletal injury risk across sex and habitual exercise timing among physically active students.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Timing of Physical Activity and Associations with BMI and Weekly Physical Activity in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Research quarterly for exercise and sport · 2025Article
- Combinations of light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity in midlife and old age: implications for healthy cognitive aging.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis is the first study to examine longitudinal associations between self-selected timing of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and health outcomes in young adults over 18 months.
methodsYoung adults (N = 434, Mage = 23.9, SDage = 4.6 years) enrolled in a weight management trial recorded 4-7 days of ActiGraph wear time at ≥1 time point (baseline, months 6, 12, and 18). Time-of-day categories were based on quartiles of the temporal distribution of MVPA min/h at baseline: morning (06:00-11:59), afternoon (12:00-15:59), evening (16:00-18:59), and night (19:00-00:59). The proportion of weekly MVPA accumulated during each time category was the predictor in longitudinal linear mixed-effects models predicting body mass index (BMI) and total weekly MVPA. Longitudinal quasibinomial generalized estimating equations models predicted cardiometabolic risk. Interactions were tested, and marginal trend estimates were generated for sex and age subgroups.
resultsThe analytic sample was 79% female and 49% non-Hispanic White, with a mean (±SD) weekly MVPA of 311 ± 167 min at baseline. In adjusted models, there were no associations with BMI. Morning MVPA was inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk (OR [95% CI]: 0.99 [0.98-0.99]) for both sex and age groups. Evening MVPA was inversely associated with cardiometabolic risk for 26-35 year olds (0.98 [0.97-0.99]). Morning MVPA was associated with greater total MVPA across subgroups, and afternoon MVPA was associated with less total MVPA in women.
conclusionsOver 18 months, incremental health benefits may accrue with optimal activity timing in young adults. Activity-based interventions designed to improve cardiometabolic and behavioral health outcomes in young adults may be optimized by tailoring timing recommendations to demographic factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.