SynthesisRenal failure2024
Efficacy and safety of nine immunosuppressive agents for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in adults: a pairwise and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Renal failure, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical profile, treatment response, and outcomes in adult primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: A single-center experience.Clinical nephrology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunosuppressants are widely used as the preferred treatment for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (pFSGS). Nevertheless, controversies persist regarding the effectiveness and side effects of different immunosuppressive medications.
methodsFrom July 2023 until June 2024, we systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicalrials.gov, SinoMed, Chinese Biomedical, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP information. Randomized controlled trials comparing different immunosuppressants were included in adult patients with pFSGS, with total remission (TR) and 24-h urine total protein (24-h UTP) as the main outcome measures.
resultsWe identified 20 RCTs comparing nine different immunosuppressants for the final analysis. Most immunosuppressants showed better therapeutic effects in TR compared to non-immunosuppressive therapies (NIT), with risk ratios (RRs) of 2.22 (95% CI 1.41-3.50) for cyclosporin, 2.10 (1.57-2.80) for leflunomide-combined steroids, 2.01 (1.24-3.27) for chlorambucil-combined steroids, 1.98 (1.17-3.33) for tacrolimus-combined steroids, 1.89 (1.36-2.63) for cyclosporin-combined steroids, 1.67 (1.28-2.18) for mycophenolate mofetil-combined steroids, and 1.47 (1.21-1.80) for steroids. Only mycophenolate mofetil-combined steroids (SMD -11, 95% CI -21 to -0.64) showed significant superiority in reducing 24-h UTP when compared with NIT. The subgroup analyses of steroids-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) patients showed that CSA + STE was significantly superior than the NIT group, with RR of 10.5 (95% CI 2.28-44.35).
conclusionSteroids remain the recommended initial treatment for pFSGS. For those patients with SRNS, CSA + STE might be the best choice for improving the rate of TR. LEF + STE and MMF + STE also appear to offer a steroid-saving alternative to high-dose glucocorticoids for patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.