ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Peripheral immune reactions following human traumatic spinal cord injury: the interplay of immune activation and suppression.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- T-cell biomarkers improve urinary tract infection risk stratification beyond clinical characteristics after acute traumatic spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Longitudinal B Cell Receptor Repertoire Profiling of Heavy- and Light-Chain Features in Injured Rat Spinal Cord Tissue After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- The immune dysregulation landscape and dynamic regulation of competing endogenous RNAs in spinal cord injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The clinical significance of miR-18a-3p in traumatic spinal cord injury and its functional role in mediating apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Anti-inflammatory interventions in coronary artery disease: antipodal responses requiring targeted therapeutic strategies.Basic research in cardiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) damages the nerve tissue of the spinal cord, resulting in loss of motor and/or sensory functions at and below the injury level. SCI provokes a long-lasting immune response that extends beyond the spinal cord and induces changes in the composition and function of the peripheral immune system. Seemingly contradictory findings have been observed, as both systemic immune activation, including inflammation and autoimmunity, and immune suppression have been reported. Differences in the levels and functions of various cell types and components of both the innate and adaptive immune system supporting these changes have been described at (sub)acute and chronic stages post-injury. Further research is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of the peripheral immune reactions following SCI, their possible correlations with clinical characteristics, and how these immune responses could be targeted to facilitate the therapeutic management of SCI. In this review, we provide an overview of the current literature discussing changes in the peripheral immune system and their occurrence over time following a traumatic SCI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.