Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39665163›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical psychology2025

Forgiveness in Poland: Rye Forgiveness Scale Adaptation and Its Longitudinal Impact on Mental Health in HIV-Positive Individuals.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-Bednarz, Loren L Toussaint, Paweł Dobrakowski

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sebastian Binyamin Skalski-BednarzFaculty of Philosophy and Education, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6336-7251
Loren L ToussaintDepartment of Psychology, Luther College, Decorah, Iowa, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8876-1848
Paweł DobrakowskiInstitute of Psychology, Humanitas University, Sosnowiec, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-6436-2487

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Within psychological research, the concept of forgiveness has gained recognition for its potential impact on health, underlining the need for culturally adapted assessment tools and longitudinal studies to substantiate its effects. In this two-phase research project, we initially adapted the Rye Forgiveness Scale (RFS) to measure state forgiveness in the Polish context with 740 participants. Reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the RFS's structure and internal consistency (absence of negative α = 0.87, presence of positive α = 0.86, full scale α = 0.84). Positive associations with other measures of forgiveness, religiosity, connection to nature, and mental well-being validated the scale's efficacy. The second phase evaluated the impact of state forgiveness on the mental health of 214 HIV-positive Polish individuals across three 6-month intervals. Utilizing the stress-and-coping model, this phase investigated forgiveness as a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes. The findings indicated that forgiveness could positively influence mental health, underscoring its importance in promoting well-being among vulnerable groups. This research provides a culturally validated tool for measuring forgiveness and illuminates its health benefits, emphasizing its significance for diverse populations.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PsychologicalForgivenessHIV InfectionsMental HealthPsychometricsAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedPolandReproducibility of ResultsYoung Adultepisodic forgivenesshealthHIVRye Forgiveness Scalestate forgiveness

Identifiers

PMID39665163
PMCPMC11802480

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.