Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2025
Cold induces increased ad libitum energy intake independent of changes in energy expenditure: a controlled crossover trial in adults.
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02939404 (Energy Intake Response to Short-Term Alterations of Energy Expenditure in Humans), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Energy Intake Response to Short-Term Alterations of Energy Expenditure in Humans
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hunger on the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire Is Associated With Increased Ad Libitum Energy Intake in Different Conditions.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Article
- Cold exposure and metabolic health: Therapeutic potential for obesity, diabetes, and beyond.Physiological reports · 2026Review
- Combined torso and foot heat exposure reduces acuteTemperature (Austin, Tex.) · 2026Article
- Temperature-related indicators and risk of incident cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal cohort study from CHARLS.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMeasures of energy metabolism (energy expenditure [EE], respiratory exchange ratio [RER]) have been associated with ad libitum energy intake (EI) and weight gain in previous observational studies, suggesting that energy-sensing mechanisms drive EI to meet metabolic energy demands.
objectivesWe aimed to employ mild cold exposure as an intervention to alter energy metabolism and evaluate its causal effects on concurrent and next day ad libitum EI.
methodsIn a controlled crossover study, 47 volunteers (16 female; age 37.2 ± 10.7 y; body mass index 32.4 ± 8.6 kg/m
resultsCompared with thermoneutral conditions, participants consumed 13% more while residing in the chamber during cold (mean difference: 411 ± 987 kcal/d, P = 0.006), but not the day after cold exposure. Neither eucaloric EE, RER, nor carbohydrate oxidation (CARBOX) was significantly changed by cold exposure. However, greater increases in RER and CARBOX during cold exposure were associated with greater ad libitum EI on the day after cold exposure (r = 0.29, P = 0.049 and r = 0.33, P = 0.02), but not with EI during cold exposure. Cold-induced changes in 24-h EE were not associated with changes in ad libitum EI during or after cold exposure.
conclusionAd libitum EI increased during but not after mild cold exposure. There was an effect of 24-h RER and CARBOX during cold exposure that was related to greater ad libitum EI after cold. These results indicate an acute effect of cold on concurrent EI independent of changes in metabolic rate, but also a residual influence of cold on subsequent EI via fuel preference. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02939404.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.