Evidence mapPaperPMID 39684832Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2024

Overcoming Challenges in Small-Molecule Drug Bioavailability: A Review of Key Factors and Approaches.

Ke Wu, Soon Hwan Kwon, Xuhan Zhou, Claire Fuller, Xianyi Wang, Jaydutt Vadgama, Yong Wu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
69citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

69 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Identification of selectiveRSC advances · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Piperazine derivatives as anticancer agents: a medicinal chemistry review of structure, mechanism, and clinical translation.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Tableting of nanoparticle-based formulations for oral delivery: Enhancing biopharmaceutical performance.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Naringenin Nanocrystals Containing PluronicGels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ke WuDivision of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Soon Hwan KwonDivision of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Xuhan ZhouDepartment of Pre-Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Claire FullerDepartment of Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
Xianyi WangDepartment of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Jaydutt VadgamaDivision of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0019-8622
Yong WuDivision of Cancer Research and Training, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Funding

Research Capacity CoreU54MD007598 · CHARLES R. DREW UNIVERSITY OF MED & SCI · 2025 to 2025
$4.2M
9 SC1 GM135050-05Accelerating Excellence in Translational Science Pilot Grants G0812D05ACS DCRIDG G003PP07Department-of-Defense Breast Cancer Research Program grant BC043180NIH/NCATS CTSI UL1TR000124NIH/NCI SC1CA200517NIH/NCI1 U54CA14393NIH-NIMHD U54MD007598NIMHD NIH HHS U54 MD007598
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The bioavailability of small-molecule drugs remains a critical challenge in pharmaceutical development, significantly impacting therapeutic efficacy and commercial viability. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding and overcoming bioavailability limitations, focusing on key physicochemical and biological factors influencing drug absorption and distribution. We examine cutting-edge strategies for enhancing bioavailability, including innovative formulation approaches, rational structural modifications, and the application of artificial intelligence in drug design. The integration of nanotechnology, 3D printing, and stimuli-responsive delivery systems are highlighted as promising avenues for improving drug delivery. We discuss the importance of a holistic, multidisciplinary approach to bioavailability optimization, emphasizing early-stage consideration of ADME properties and the need for patient-centric design. This review also explores emerging technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9-mediated personalization and microbiome modulation for tailored bioavailability enhancement. Finally, we outline future research directions, including advanced predictive modeling, overcoming biological barriers, and addressing the challenges of emerging therapeutic modalities. By elucidating the complex interplay of factors affecting bioavailability, this review aims to guide future efforts in developing more effective and accessible small-molecule therapeutics.

Indexed as

Biological AvailabilityDrug DesignSmall Molecule LibrariesAnimalsArtificial IntelligenceDrug Delivery SystemsHumansNanotechnologyPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmaceutical PreparationsSmall Molecule LibrariesADMEartificial intelligencebioavailabilitypharmaceutical technologypredictive modelingstructural modification

Identifiers

PMID39684832
PMCPMC11642056

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.