Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39690361›Full record

ArticleInflammopharmacology2025

Epidural injection of varying doses of capsaicin alleviates inflammatory pain in rats via the TLR4/AKT/NF-κB pathway.

Si Ri Gu Leng Sana, Chuanbao Lv, Shasha Yu, Xijin Deng, Yingwei Dong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Inflammopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Si Ri Gu Leng SanaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Chuanbao LvDepartment of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
Shasha YuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou United Family Hospital, Guangzhou, China.
Xijin DengDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Yingwei DongDepartment of Anaesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China. prodongyingwei888@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6556-2934

Funding

Innovative training project for Chinese college students S202410226089The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Foundation 2024JQ14
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCapsaicin (CAP) induces transient pain sensation by activating transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1). However, the initial neuronal excitation induced by CAP is followed by a prolonged refractory period, resulting in long-lasting analgesia. Although the effects of CAP on microglia in the dorsal root ganglion of neuropathic pain disorders have been reported, the regulatory pathways of CAP on microglia remain poorly defined.

methodsA chronic pain model was established via plantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and different doses of CAP were administered to rats. Pain behavior, expression of pain-related factors, protein expression of TRPV1 in nerve cells, and the inflammatory activation of microglia were evaluated. In vitro experiments were conducted to explore the activation and migration ability of microglia, expression of inflammatory cytokines and pathway proteins, TRPV1 expression in nerve cells, and intracellular calcium concentration under different doses of CAP.

resultsDifferent doses of CAP alleviated chronic pain in rats, reduced TRPV1 expression in nerve cells, and inhibited the activation of microglia; however, high doses of CAP were particularly effective in improving chronic pain. In vitro experiments confirmed that CAP reduces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by microglia via inhibition of the TLR4/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway. This mechanism reduced the injury and apoptosis of nerve cells, the expression of TRPV1, and the influx of calcium ions in nerve cells.

conclusionsCAP reduced inflammatory responses in microglia in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting the TLR4/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway, which consequently reduced TRPV1 expression on neuronal cells and reduced chronic pain.

Indexed as

CapsaicinInflammationAnimalsChronic PainDisease Models, AnimalDose-Response Relationship, DrugFreund's AdjuvantGanglia, SpinalMaleMicrogliaNeuralgiaNF-kappa BProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySignal TransductionCapsaicinFreund's AdjuvantNF-kappa BProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktTlr4 protein, ratToll-Like Receptor 4Trpv1 protein, ratTRPV Cation ChannelsAnalgesiaCapsaicinInflammatory painMicrogliaTransient receptor potential vanilloid-1

Identifiers

PMID39690361
PMCPMC11799098

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.