ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
A blood-based mRNA signature distinguishes people with Long COVID from recovered individuals.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Biomarkers of post-acute infection syndrome: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Dysregulated NK-cell gene expression defines the enduring symptoms of long COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A Prospective Cohort Longitudinal Study of Human Acute Babesiosis: Quality of Life and Severity of Symptoms Through 1-Year Follow-up.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Profiling of Long COVID-19 in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease Reveals Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2025Article
- The post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae: manifestations, mechanisms and treatment strategies.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Long COVID-19: A Concept Analysis.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Hookworm infection modulates lung and intestinal transcriptomic responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Vaccination and COVID-19: impact on long-COVID.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Long COVID is a debilitating condition that lasts for more than three months post-infection by SARS-CoV-2. On average, one in ten individuals infected with SARS CoV- 2 develops Long COVID worldwide. A knowledge gap exists in our understanding of the mechanisms, genetic risk factors, and biomarkers that could be associated with Long COVID. Methods: In this pilot study we used RNA-Seq to quantify the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from COVID-recovered individuals, seven with and seven without Long COVID symptoms (age- and sex-matched individuals), on average 6 months after infection. Results: Seventy genes were identified as significantly up- or down-regulated in Long COVID samples, and the vast majority were downregulated. The most significantly up- or downregulated genes fell into two main categories, either associated with cell survival or with inflammation. This included genes such as Discussion: Downregulation of these inhibitory receptors similarly indicates a sustained pro-inflammatory state in Long COVID PBMCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.