SynthesisBMC neurology2024
A systematic review and meta-analysis show a decreasing prevalence of post-stroke infections.
Synthesis in BMC neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- European stroke organisation guideline on stroke-associated pneumonia.European stroke journal · 2026Guideline
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Hemopexin as a Candidate Biomarker for Secondary Sepsis and In-Hospital Outcome After Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: An Exploratory Translational Proteomics Study.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Risk Factors Related to the Incidence of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia in Adults: Protocol for a Scoping Review.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Hospital-Course Infectious Complications Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in a Neurological Intensive Care Cohort: A Six-Year Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Prevalence, Predictors, and In-Hospital Outcomes of Stroke-Associated Infection in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Malaysian Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Healthcare-Associated Infections in Deceased Stroke Patients in a Romanian Neurological ICU: A Retrospective Descriptive Study.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Beyond NIHSS and neuroimaging: an interpretable gradient boosting model for predicting in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with acute ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A nutritional-inflammatory index for early prediction of inpatient urinary tract infection risk after acute stroke in the elderly.The Canadian journal of urology · 2026Article
- Stroke-Associated Pneumonia and Impaired Functional Recovery After Stroke: The Role of Nutritional-Inflammatory Factors.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Frontiers and literature review on non-aspiration stroke-associated infections.European journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Central neuroendocrine dysregulation in ischaemic stroke sequelae: pathophysiological mechanisms-a narrative review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Beyond the usual suspects: rethinking post-stroke immunosuppression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Association between living arrangements and health outcomes among stroke survivors in China.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- From Stroke to Infection: The Emerging Role of Fibrinogen-to-Albumin Ratio in Predicting Stroke-Associated Pneumonia.Cureus · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Factors Associated with Infections After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Single-Center Retrospective Study over Five Years.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Predictive value of cerebrospinal fluid heparin-binding protein and CD64 expression for postoperative central nervous system infection following intracerebral hemorrhage surgery.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Independent Risk Factors for Multidrug-ResistantInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Diagnostic value of gut microbiota profiling and circulating biomarkers to predict post-stroke infection in acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Stroke in Ghana: A Situational Analysis.Stroke research and treatment · 2025Review
- Analysis of prognostic risk factors and risk management measures for patients with ischemic stroke and bloodstream infection based on machine learning.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfection is a common complication in the acute phase after stroke; a systematic review in 2011 reported a post-stroke infection prevalence of 30%. Despite the plethora of primary data on post-stroke infections in recent times, a systematic review that synthesizes the data to provide comprehensive information to guide preventive, control, and management efforts is yet to be undertaken. This systematic review, therefore, aimed at bridging this gap by describing the epidemiology of post-stroke infections including the global prevalence and the associated mortality rates. METHODOLOGY: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science resulting in 2210 studies, of which 73 studies covering 32,109,574 stoke patients were included in the systematic review. Prevalence data on defined post-stroke infections were extracted for analysis in RStudio version 4.3.3.
resultsThe pooled prevalence of post-stroke infections and mortality rates were 9.14% and 15.91% respectively. The prevalence of post-stroke infections was highest for pneumonia (12.4%), followed by urinary tract infection (8.31%). Geographically, the prevalence of post-stroke infections for the various continents were Europe (10.41%), Africa (10.22%), South America (8.83%), North America (8.15%), Asia (8.09%), and Australia (7.88%). Common etiological agents of post-stroke infections included multidrug-resistant organisms particularly, Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.4-31.8%), Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (9.8-15.4%), and Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (38.5%).
conclusionThis systematic review indicates about a 3-fold decline in the global prevalence of post-stroke infections in the last decade. Pneumonia is the most common post-stroke infection. Europe and Africa have the highest prevalence of post-stroke infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.