SynthesisPloS one2024
Effects of core stability exercises on balance ability of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Balance control in children and adolescents with intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Dose-response relationship of physical exercise interventions for balance performance in children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of a 12-Week Core Stability Training on Upper Trunk Stability, Trunk Mobility, and Postural Asymmetries in University Students.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of Core Stability Training on Balance, Standing, and Gait in Children with Mild Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildren and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (IDs) are at risk of falls due to balance problems. One way to palliate balance deficits among this population is via core stability exercises. However, comprehensive studies that examine the effectiveness of core stability exercises in improving balance in this target population are lacking.
objectiveThis study aims to summarise and quantify the effectiveness of core stability exercises in improving the balance of this target population.
methodsThis study followed PRISMA principles and conducted comprehensive searches in six academic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) up to June 2023. The inclusion criteria were established via the PICOS framework. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and the certainty of the evidence was assessed via the GRADE approach. The meta-analysis was performed via RevMan 5.4, and for data that could not be pooled via meta-analysis, we used a narrative description of the results of each study.
resultsSix studies of 1078 subjects were included. The findings revealed that core stability exercises improved the dynamic balance of children and adolescents with ID but had no significant effect on static (Hedges' g = 1.32, 95% CI [-0.41 to 3.06]) or static‒dynamic (Hedges' g = 1.35, 95% CI [-0.02 to 2.73]) balance compared with the control groups. The quality of evidence based on the GRADE approach was very low.
conclusionsCore stability exercises may improve dynamic balance in children and adolescents with ID, but given the scarcity of studies included, definitive conclusions cannot yet be drawn. Although pooled analyses also highlighted improvements in static and static-dynamic balance with large effect sizes over active control groups, the results were not statistically significant and should be interpreted with caution given the wide confidence intervals. The heterogeneity among the identified studies and the limited number of eligible studies may reduce the reliability of the results, but these findings emphasise the need for additional research in this domain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.