Evidence mapPaperPMID 39719397Full record

Observational studyRMD open2024

Changes in serum cholesterol loading capacity are linked to coronary atherosclerosis progression in rheumatoid arthritis.

George Athanasios Karpouzas, Bianca Papotti, Sarah R Ormseth, Marcella Palumbo, Elizabeth Hernandez, Maria Pia Adorni, Francesca Zimetti, Nicoletta Ronda

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in RMD open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

George Athanasios KarpouzasInternal Medicine- Rheumatology, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, California, USA gkarpouzas@lundquist.org.ORCID 0000-0003-1065-1563
Bianca PapottiDepartment of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Sarah R OrmsethThe Lundquist Institute, Torrance, California, USA.
Marcella PalumboDepartment of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Elizabeth HernandezThe Lundquist Institute, Torrance, California, USA.
Maria Pia AdorniDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Francesca ZimettiDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Nicoletta RondaUniversity of Parma, Parma, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveExcess cholesterol loading on arterial macrophages is linked to foam cell formation, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the effect of changes in cholesterol loading on coronary plaque trajectory and the impact of RA therapies on this relationship are unknown. We investigated the association between variations in cholesterol loading capacity (CLC) over time and atherosclerosis progression.

methodsIn a prospective observational cohort study, coronary CT angiography evaluated atherosclerosis (non-calcified, partially calcified or fully calcified plaques and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score) in 100 patients with RA without cardiovascular disease at baseline and 6.9±0.4 years later. The presence of ≥5 plaques and lesions rendering >50% stenosis was considered an extensive and obstructive disease, respectively. Serum CLC was measured on human THP-1 monocyte-derived macrophages with a fluorometric assay.

resultsMean CLC change (follow-up CLC-baseline CLC) was 1.54 (SD 3.69) μg cholesterol/mg protein. In models adjusting for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score, baseline plaque and other relevant covariates, CLC change (per SD unit increase) is associated with a higher likelihood of progression of non-calcified (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.22 to 5.35), fully calcified plaque (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.67 to 5.76), CAC (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.74) and new extensive or obstructive disease (OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.11 to 5.34). Exposure to prednisone unfavourably influenced, while biologics and statins favourably affected the relationship between CLC change and atherosclerosis progression (all p-for-interactions ≤0.048).

conclusionCLC change is associated with atherosclerosis progression in a dose-dependent manner, including lipid-rich non-calcified plaques and extensive or obstructive disease that yield the greatest cardiovascular risk.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidCholesterolCoronary Artery DiseaseDisease ProgressionAgedBiomarkersComputed Tomography AngiographyCoronary AngiographyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPlaque, AtheroscleroticProspective StudiesBiomarkersCholesterolArthritis, RheumatoidAtherosclerosisBiomarkersLipids

Identifiers

PMID39719397
PMCPMC11683967

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.