Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39722190›Full record

ArticleAging cell2025

Proteome profiling of cerebrospinal fluid using machine learning shows a unique protein signature associated with APOE4 genotype.

Artur Shvetcov, Shannon Thomson, Ann-Na Cho, Heather M Wilkins, Joanne H Reed, Russell H Swerdlow, David A Brown, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Caitlin A Finney

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Aging cell, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Cross-tissue immune profiling of APOE ε4 reveals early dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
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  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
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  10. Aging shapes baseline immunity in sterile-housed female hAPOE mouse genotypes.Journal of cellular and molecular immunology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Artur ShvetcovTranslational Dementia Research Group, Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0592-984X
Shannon ThomsonTranslational Dementia Research Group, Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ann-Na ChoHuman Brain Microphysiology Systems Group, School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Heather M WilkinsUniversity of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Centre, Kansas City, KS, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4563-4544
Joanne H ReedSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Russell H SwerdlowUniversity of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Centre, Kansas City, KS, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2948-7230
David A BrownNeuroinflammation Research Group, Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Caitlin A FinneyTranslational Dementia Research Group, Centre for Immunology and Allergy Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9357-8316

Funding

Alzheimer's AssociationDementia Australia Research FoundationFaculty of Engineering, University of SydneyJohn and Anne Leece Family FoundationNational Health and Medical Research CouncilNeil and Norma Hill Foundation; National Institutes of Health, Annemarie & Arturo Gandioli-Fumagalli Foundation, Perpetual Foundation - John Williams Endowment, Hillcrest FoundationPeter Tosi Family FoundationRebecca Cooper FoundationState of Kansas
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Proteome changes associated with APOE4 variant carriage that are independent of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and diagnosis are unknown. This study investigated APOE4 proteome changes in people with AD, mild cognitive impairment, and no impairment. Clinical, APOE genotype, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome and AD biomarker data was sourced from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Proteome profiling was done using supervised machine learning. We found an APOE4-specific proteome signature that was independent of cognitive diagnosis and AD pathological biomarkers, and increased the risk of progression to cognitive impairment. Proteins were enriched in brain regions including the caudate and cortex and cells including endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Enriched peripheral immune cells included T cells, macrophages, and B cells. APOE4 carriers have a unique CSF proteome signature associated with a strong brain and peripheral immune and inflammatory phenotype that likely underlies APOE4 carriers' vulnerability to cognitive decline and AD as they age.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E4Machine LearningProteomeProteomicsAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersCognitive DysfunctionFemaleGenotypeHumansMaleApolipoprotein E4BiomarkersProteomeAlzheimer's diseaseAPOE4cerebrospinal fluidmachine learningproteomics

Identifiers

PMID39722190
PMCPMC11984689

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.