Evidence mapPaperPMID 39723623Full record

ArticleOphthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)2025

Photoreceptor layer elevation due to subretinal fluid: Impact on visual acuity measurements and simulation from biometrics.

Vamsi Parimi, Ann E Elsner, Joel A Papay, Christopher A Clark, Masahiro Miura, Thomas J Gast

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Article in Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Vamsi ParimiSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Ann E ElsnerSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9040-9672
Joel A PapaySchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Christopher A ClarkSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Masahiro MiuraDepartment of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Centre, Ibaraki, Japan.
Thomas J GastSchool of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.

Funding

NEI NIH HHS R41 EY030829NEI NIH HHS R41-EY030829NEI NIH HHS R44 EY030829NEI NIH HHS R44-EY030829NIH NEI EY0R4130829NIH NEI R44AE030829
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeVisual acuity (VA) is a primary outcome measure that defines the success of clinical interventions for retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular oedema (DME). These conditions can lead to the presence of subretinal fluid, causing substantial photoreceptor layer elevation. Hyperopic defocus then occurs, affecting the VA measurements. In this study, we simulated the induced hyperopic shift for real-world values of photoreceptor layer elevation and measured the effect on VA measurements.

methodsTo simulate the hyperopic shift, we used a four-surface eye model. To measure the effect of defocus on VA, normally sighted adults (N = 44, mean [SD] age = 32 [13.0] year, range: 21-71 year) performed four test conditions, that is, defocus of 0.00, +0.75, +1.50 and +2.25 D. For each subject, mean VA and SD obtained from a cumulative normal fit to the VA data provided the coefficient of variation (CV) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

resultsRefractive error induced by photoreceptor layer elevation was maximum for hyperopic error conditions, followed by emmetropic and myopic refractive error conditions. The 76% threshold VA worsened with increasing defocus conditions. The 95% CI was significantly larger for +0.75, +1.50 and +2.25 D defocus compared to no defocus (p = 0.04, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The CI for the +2.25 D defocus condition was larger (3-10 letters) compared with no defocus (3-6 letters).

conclusionsPhotoreceptor layer elevation causes a hyperopic shift sufficient for clinically meaningful changes: worse VA and more variable measurements.

Indexed as

BiometryHyperopiaPhotoreceptor Cells, VertebrateRefraction, OcularSubretinal FluidVisual AcuityAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultAMDhyperopic defocusmacular oedemaphotoreceptor elevationsubretinal fluidvisual acuity

Identifiers

PMID39723623
PMCPMC11823303

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.