ArticleJournal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry2025
Real-world multicentre cohort study on choices and effectiveness of immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD.
Article in Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07010302 (A Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Trial of Rituximab Versus Ravulizumab, Inebilizumab, Satralizumab and Eculizumab To Prevent Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Trial of Rituximab Versus Ravulizumab, Inebilizumab, Satralizumab and Eculizumab To Prevent Relapses in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optimizing the Use of Anti-CD20 Agents in Multiple Sclerosis and Other Autoimmune Central Nervous System Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Global trends and emerging hotspots in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder diagnostic research: A bibliometric analysis.Medicine · 2026Review
- Unmet needs in the care of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease: insights from Germany.Neurological research and practice · 2026Article
- Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Inebilizumab Versus Rituximab in AQP4-IgG-Positive NMOSD.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Bilateral myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease after cataract surgery.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2026Article
- Real-World Efficacy and Safety of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Disease-Modifying Treatments.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Age, Low Immunoglobulin G, and M Serum Levels Predict Infections in People With AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD Treated With Rituximab-A Multicenter Cohort Study From the German Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS).European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effects of IGF-2 on NMOSD by inhibiting astrocyte apoptosis through modulation of the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- AQP4+ NMOSD, MDA5+ Clinically Amyopathic Dermatomyositis and sHLH in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Eculizumab treatment in the salvage therapy of MOGAD: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Biomarkers for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease: recent advances and future.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Treatment patterns, access, and multidimensional burden of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in China: A nationwide cross-sectional study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2026Article
- A-to-I RNA editing profiles and distinct immune responses in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-positive optic neuritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Patient-Derived Monoclonal Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Autoantibodies Mediate Cytotoxicity.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Subsequent treatment strategies following rituximab-resistance in AQP4-IgG+ neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a case series.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with painful tonic spasms as the first symptom: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Switching from Rituximab to Eculizumab in US Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Impact on Hospitalizations.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Predictors of relapse and disability in NMOSD, MOGAD, and double-seronegative demyelinating syndromes: an international multicenter retrospective cohort study.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Rituximab as First-Line Compared to Escalation Immunotherapy Is Associated With Lower Disability Accumulation in Aquaporin-4-IgG-Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Multicenter Cohort Study From Germany and the United Kingdom.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Investigation into the casual or causal association of cerebral venous thrombosis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‑associated disease: A case report and literature review.Biomedical reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
47 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRecurrent attacks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) can lead to severe disability. We aimed to analyse the real-world use of immunotherapies in patients with NMOSD and MOGAD, focusing on changes in treatment strategies, effects on attack rates (ARR) and risk factors for attacks.
methodsThis longitudinal registry-based cohort study included 493 patients (320 with aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive NMOSD (65%), 44 with AQP4-IgG seronegative NMOSD (9%) and 129 MOGAD (26%)) with 1247 treatments from 19 German and one Austrian centre from the registry of the neuromyelitis optica study group (NEMOS). We analysed unadjusted ARR and implemented survival analyses and Cox proportional hazard regression to assess efficiency and risk factors for subsequent attacks over time.
resultsRituximab and azathioprine are the most widely used immunotherapies in NMOSD as well as in MOGAD, with changes in distribution over the last decade. Immunotherapy demonstrated significant therapeutic effects in NMOSD but less pronounced effects in MOGAD. Risk factors for attacks included younger age and prior attacks under the same therapy. Efficacy varied among the different immunotherapies, with azathioprine, rituximab and eculizumab showing significant risk reductions in AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD.
conclusionsThis study provides insights into the evolving treatment landscape and effectiveness of immunotherapies in NMOSD and MOGAD. Established off-label therapies continue to play an important role, especially for patients with stable disease, with emerging evidence supporting newly approved therapies. Future studies are needed to refine treatment algorithms and address the ongoing uncertainties in MOGAD management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.