ArticleScientific reports2024
Citric acid is more effective than sodium thiosulfate in chelating calcium in a dissolution model of calcinosis.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Preparation, Structural Characterization, and Calcium Supplementation Activity ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Calcinosis cutis affects 20-40% of patients with systemic sclerosis. This study tests the hypothesis that calcium-chelating polycarboxylic acids can induce calcium dissolution without skin toxicity or irritancy. We compared citric acid (CA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to sodium thiosulfate (STS) for their ability to chelate calcium in vitro using a pharmaceutical dissolution model of calcinosis (hydroxyapatite (HAp) tablet), prior to evaluation of toxicity and irritancy in 2D in vitro skin models. Resultant data was used to predict therapeutic concentrations for application in a validated 3D skin irritation model (SkinEthic™; EpiSkin SA) and to assay maximal percutaneous absorption. Dissolution performance was further assessed via ability to dissolve a calcified matrix laid down in vitro. Pharmacological dissolution studies identified that polycarboxylic acids were superior to STS in dissolving HAp tablets. In vitro, compounds had little effect on cell numbers at concentrations of < 10 mM. When applied topically to 3D models as near-saturated solutions, chelators were not irritant nor did they impact model structure histologically. CA was the most efficient chelator of calcium salts. This study highlights polycarboxylic acids, particularly CA, as potential therapies to target calcinosis cutis: these should now be investigated in human studies.
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Registered trials
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