Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39735329›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2024

Comparison of Solid Self-Nanoemulsifying Systems and Surface-Coated Microspheres: Improving Oral Bioavailability of Niclosamide.

Kyungho Baek, Mi Ran Woo, Fakhar Ud Din, Yong Seok Choi, Myung Joo Kang, Jong Oh Kim, Han-Gon Choi, Sung Giu Jin

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Recent Applications of Chitosan-Based Biomaterials as Wound Dressings.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kyungho BaekDepartment of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.
Mi Ran WooCollege of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea.
Fakhar Ud DinDepartment of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0001-9537-4897
Yong Seok ChoiCollege of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.
Myung Joo KangCollege of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.
Jong Oh KimCollege of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.
Han-Gon ChoiCollege of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea.
Sung Giu JinDepartment of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-1558-5155

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) and surface-coated microspheres to improve the oral bioavailability of niclosamide. Methods: A solubility screening study showed that liquid SNEDDS, prepared using an optimized volume ratio of corn oil, Cremophor RH40, and Tween 80 (20:24:56), formed nanoemulsions with the smallest droplet size. Niclosamide was incorporated into this liquid SNEDDS and spray-dried with calcium silicate to produce solid SNEDDS. Surface-coated microspheres were prepared using sodium alginate and poloxamer 407 and optimized through solubility and dissolution tests. Scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction were used to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the prepared solid SNEDDS, surface-coated microspheres, and the drug alone. The solubility, dissolution, and oral bioavailability were also assessed. Results: Physicochemical evaluation demonstrated that niclosamide was converted to an amorphous state in the Solid SNEDDS formulation, with enhanced solubility and oral bioavailability. In comparison to niclosamide alone, solid SNEDDS exhibited an increase in drug solubility (approximately 2500-fold vs 158-fold) and oral bioavailability (approximately 10-fold vs 1.65-fold), significantly outperforming surface-coated microspheres. Conclusion: This solid SNEDDS formulation may be an excellent candidate for niclosamide with improved oral bioavailability for repurposing.

Indexed as

Biological AvailabilityEmulsionsMicrospheresNiclosamideSolubilityAdministration, OralAlginatesAnimalsCorn OilDrug Delivery SystemsGlycerolMaleNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemNanoparticlesParticle SizePoloxamerAlginatesCorn OilcremophorEmulsionsGlycerolNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemNiclosamidePoloxamerPolyethylene GlycolsPolysorbatescrystallinitydissolutionmicrosphereniclosamideoral bioavailabilitysolid SNEDDS

Identifiers

PMID39735329
PMCPMC11681811

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.