ArticleBMC medicine2024
Global, regional and national burden due to retinoblastoma in children aged younger than 10 years from 1990 to 2021.
Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- A local-to-distant shift in dynamic brain connectivity marks early Alzheimer's risk.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Adherence to Red Reflex and Vision Screening Recommendations: A Deep Dive into Primary Care Implementation Gaps.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Delirium: a modifiable risk factor for dementia.European geriatric medicine · 2026Review
- Management of Retinoblastoma: A Challenge in Pediatric Ophthalmology.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- BIRC5 drives cell-cycle dysregulation and represents a novel molecular target in retinoblastoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Cross-national inequalities and public health policy effects of the global retinoblastoma burden from 1990 to 2021 and projections to 2035.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Screening for differentially expressed genes in retinoblastoma gene chips through the GEO database and validation in clinical settings.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Global, Regional, and National Burden of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Among the Elderly from 1990 to 2021: A Population-Based Epidemiological Analysis.Clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- Global burden and temporal trends of kidney cancer among children from 1990 to 2021: an analysis with projections to 2036.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Subsequent Primary Hematologic Malignancies in a 21-Year-Old Retinoblastoma Survivor: Case Report Study.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Global burden of mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of retinoblastoma in children aged under 10 years from 1990 to 2021 and projections for future disease burden.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Analysis of prognosis and quality of life in children with retinoblastoma.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRetinoblastoma (RB), an aggressive intraocular malignancy, significantly adds to the global disease burden in early childhood. This study offers insights into the global burden of retinoblastoma (RB) in children aged 0-9 years, examining incidence, mortality, and DALYs from 1990 to 2021, across age, sex, location, and SDI levels. It aims to inform health policy, resource allocation, and RB combat strategies.
methodsData were retrieved from newly released Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. The measures were estimated both as numerical counts and age-standardised rates per 100,000 population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to rigorously examine temporal trends, estimating the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Spearman's correlation test was used to examine the relationship between SDI and the burden of RB by location and year.
resultsGlobally, the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardised mortality rate (ASMR), and age-standardised DALYs rate (ASDR) for RB among young children in 2021 were 0.09 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 0.05 to 0.13], 0.04 (95%UI: 0.03 to 0.06), and 3.65 (95%UI: 2.21 to 4.96), respectively. Despite an overall increasing trend in incidence [AAPC: 0.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42 to 0.82], the RB incidence rate demonstrated a significant decline from 2019 to 2021, while mortality and DALYs rate for RB showed overall downward trends. Trends in ASIR varied across regions, with the highest increase in East Asia. Among all GBD regions, only Southern Sub-Saharan Africa exhibited rising trends in mortality and DALYs rate. Gender comparisons showed negligible differences in ASIR, ASMR and ASDR in 2021. Moreover, the highest disease burden was noted in early neonatal (0-6 days), and in children aged 2-4 years at both global and regional levels. Analysis by SDI indicated that RB incidence rates increased with higher SDI levels. In addition, a significantly negative correlation was found between SDI level and both ASMR and ASDR of RB among children aged 0-9 years.
conclusionsFrom 1990 to 2021, RB-related incidence, mortality, and DALYs varied by age and location. Evaluating spatiotemporal trends underscores the impact of health policies and substantial public health interventions on RB control.
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