Evidence mapPaperPMID 39744674Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2024

Unraveling the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein long-term effect on neuro-PASC.

Filipe Menezes, Julys da Fonseca Palmeira, Juliana Dos Santos Oliveira, Gustavo Adolfo Argañaraz, Carlos Roberto Jorge Soares, Otávio Toledo Nóbrega, Bergmann Morais Ribeiro, Enrique Roberto Argañaraz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Filipe MenezesBiotechnology Center, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil.
Julys da Fonseca PalmeiraLaboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Juliana Dos Santos OliveiraLaboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Gustavo Adolfo ArgañarazLaboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Carlos Roberto Jorge SoaresBiotechnology Center, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, São Paulo, Brazil.
Otávio Toledo NóbregaPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Médicas da Faculdade de Medicina, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Bergmann Morais RibeiroBaculovirus Laboratory, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Enrique Roberto ArgañarazLaboratory of Molecular Neurovirology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The persistence or emergence of long-term symptoms following resolution of primary SARS-CoV-2 infection is referred to as long COVID or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). PASC predominantly affects the cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal, reproductive, and immune systems. Among these, the central nervous system (CNS) is significantly impacted, leading to a spectrum of symptoms, including fatigue, headaches, brain fog, cognitive impairment, anosmia, hypogeusia, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and peripheral neuropathy (neuro-PASC). However, the risk factors and pathogenic mechanisms responsible for neuro-PASC remain unclear. This review hypothesis discusses the leading hypotheses regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in long COVID/PASC, focusing on neuro-PASC. We propose vascular dysfunction mediated by activation of astrocytes and pericytes followed by blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption as underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of neurological manifestations. Additionally, we provide insights into the role of spike protein at the blood-brain interface. Finally, we explore the potential pathogenic mechanisms initiated by the interaction between the spike protein and cellular receptors at the brain endothelial and tissue levels.

Indexed as

blood–brain barrierneuro-PASCpathophysiologySARS-CoV-2 receptorsSARS-CoV-2 spike protein

Identifiers

PMID39744674
PMCPMC11688492

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.